æ

yi

one

æ

yi ba (dao)

CL (knife)

æ

yi ge (ren)

CL (person)

æ

yi tiao (yu)

CL (fish)

æ

yi zhi (ji)

CL (chicken)

æ

kuair

block

æ æ

yi ge yi ge

one by one

ɑɕi

yisheng, yibeizi

to whole life

ɑdy

yi kou (shui)

CL (water)

ædzæʐmæ

bantian, banri

half a day, a half day

ɑdʐu

liang

tael

ɑɸɑ

liang

to put on clothesline

ɑɸæʴ

yi ba, yi wo

handful

ægæ mækæ

qiaoqiaode

secretly

ægəl

genben

essentials

æjæ nɑqɑ

meitian wanshang

nightly, every evening

æjæ tʂʰɑ

ge ye

overnight

æje

bomu

father's elder brother's wife

æje

shenmu

father's younger brother's wife

æje

gumu (yihun)

father's sister (married)

æje

gumu (weihun)

father's sister (unmarried)

æj! gən pæχɕæ le

ai! zhen kelian!

interjection-exclamation (eg. oh! so pitiful!)

ækæ

yi zhi (yan)

CL (cigarette)

ækʰæ

xiaoxin

to take care

ækʰæ dəkən

zaijian

good-bye, bye-bye

ækʰæ ȵi

xiaoxin

to be careful about

ækʰækʰæ

jianjianr

gradually, by and by

ækʰæȵi

manmanrdi

slowly

ækə

zhengqi

orderly

ækʰə təpe

cheng bai

hundreds

ækʰə ȵæ æʴ

yi bai ling yi

hundred and one

ækʰi

yi fen qian

a cent

ækʰ-kʰæ

naixin

patience

ækʰu

yi bai

a hundred

ɑl ʁɑ

yexu

possibly, perhaps, maybe

ɑl ʁɑ

dagai

largely

ɑl ʁɑ

kongpa

I am afraid

ælæ

xiaohaizi

child

ælæ

youer

infant

ælæ tse

kan (haizi)

to watch the children

ælæ χɕi

teng (xiaohai)

to love (a child)

ælæ dəlæ

huaiyun

to be pregnant

ælæ læm

yunfu

pregnant woman

ælæ pʰuwɑ ɕipɑ gum kəʴ ændi ʨo tsæ

you jige chuan hong yifu de xiaohai zai zher

relative clause sentence (eg. there are several children here who wear red clothes)

ælæ qəqə

yang haizi

to raise children

ælæ squl

dou xiaohai

to tease/play with a child

ælæ təʂpɑ

haiziqi

childish

ælæ tsæ gən dʐəwɑ mɑxsust

zhe xiaohai feichang bu ting hua

negative sentence with adverb (eg. this child is extraordinarily disobedient)

ælæ zæm

chanpo

midwife

æləʂ æləʂ

huxiang (bangmang)

mutually (mutually help each other)

ɑmæʴkə

anjing

peaceful, quiet

ænɕuq

zhonglei

kinds

ænɕuq

zhongzhong, gezhong

various

æntue

lyuci

repeatedly, often

ɑp dətsʰu

niandi

end of the year

ɑp dəwe

nianchu

beginning of the year

ɑp hɑnqə

yi nian dao tou

all year round

ɑp nɑqɑ

meinian

annually, every year

ɑpɑ

yeye (duicheng)

paternal grandfather (address term)

ɑpɑ

waigong (duicheng)

maternal grandfather (address term)

ɑpɑ

waigong (zhicheng)

maternal grandfather (quoting term)

ɑpɑ

laoye

head of the household

ɑpɑ

laotour

old man

ɑpɑl

li

measure of length reckoned at 360 paces, one 'li'

æpæn

yixie

some (number)

æpæn

bufen

part, portion

æpi

yi kuai qian

a dollar

ɑq

zhengyue, yiyue

1st lunar month, January

ɑq dətsʰu

yuedi

end of the month

ɑq dəwe

yuechu

beginning of the month

ɑq təpe

manyue

the month after childbirth

ɑq tiwu

yuezhong

middle of the month

ɑqɑ

liu ji

to stay in the same class without promotion

ɑqɑ

jiang ji

to get demoted

ɑqɑ

guoqu

past, in the past, formerly

ɑqɑjɑʴ

zoudiao, li

go away from, get farther

æqæʐæ

libie

to part from

ɑqəjɑʴ

likai

apart

ɑqəz mowe

bu yiyang, bu tong

different

ɑqəz we

yiyang, tongyang, xiangtong

same

ɑqəz we

haoxiang ~ (shide)

as if

æqəʴjæʴ

likai

to depart

æqtsi

bazhan

to keep for oneself

ɑqu

jiajuan, jiaren

family

ɑqu̥

yi chuan (putao)

CL (grapes)

æque

yi tao (yifu)

CL (clothes)

æquəʴ

yan

to inundate

æquəʴ

(yi) zu, (yi) tao

set

ɑʁi

mu

Chinese land measure of area (240 square paces)

ɑʁu

dou

peck, a dry measure (316c. in.)

ɑʁuɑ

yi wan

ten thousand

ɑʁuɑ se

qiurao

to ask for forgiveness

ɑʁuɑ senæ

raoshu

to forgive

ɑʁuɑn

yi wanwan, yi yi

one hundred million

ɑʁuəʴ

shuangbaotai

twin

ɑs

chengtian

all day long, the whole day, all the time

ɑʂ

jin

catty

ɑʂ

dian

dot, point

ɑs æʁə

fuyan

to deal with negligently

ɑs ɦɑʁ moʁu

wuliao

bored

ɑʂ kutse

chang

to taste

ɑs mqɑ

changchang

often, always

ɑs mqɑ

yixiang

usually

ɑs mqɑ

yizhi

all the time

ɑs nɑqɑ

meitian

daily, everyday

ɑs nɑqɑ dzəku̥ ɦɑkəȵi χuɑ

(yizhi mai zheme duo qian)

continuous, "it has been selling for this much money"

ɑs nɑqɑ hɑʁ ȵi dæsæl tu səpæ dzə qəs lə nɑ

meitian chuqu sansanbu bi chi shenme buyao hao

comparative sentence (eg. going out to take a walk everyday is better than taking any kind of tonic)

ɑs tʂʰɑ

ge yi tian

every other day

ɑʂ tsæ

shiyan

examine

ɑsɑ ʨipie

wuzi (danjian de)

room

æsæʐgue

jiari

holiday

ɑʂən

sheng

pint, 1/10 peck

ɑʂk

yi tiao (beizi)

CL (blanket)

ɑʂky

dan

100 catties

ɑʂqupi

mantou

steamed bread

æste

fanshi

all, common, general

ɑʂtse

shi

to try

ɑstu̥

yi qian

a thousand

astu̥ təpe

cheng qian

thousands

ɑsuɑ

yue

to make an engagement with

ɑsuɑ mepi

shiyue

to break an engagement

ɑti

dushengzi

single child

atʂ

li

drop, grain

ætʂ

yi hao

the first day of a month

ɑtsʰ

chi

ruler (a measure)

ɑtʂ

yi duo (huar)

CL (flower)

ætsæ

yi zuo (qiao)

CL (bridge)

ɑtʂɑ

lyu (bu yao shui)

to strain (strain away liquid)

ɑtʂɑ

gege (duicheng)

elder brother (address term)

ɑtʂɑ

gege (zhicheng)

elder brother (quoting term)

ætʂæ ɑs nɑqɑ təχtʂɑ tsʰuɑti

gege changchang da didi

simple declarative sentence with transitive verb (eg. the elder brother often hits the younger brother)

ɑtʂɑ læ

tongxiang

people from the same native village

ɑtʂɑ ȵæ ɑtʂɑ

chuchu

here and there

ɑtʂɑn

zhang

measure of 10 feet

ɑtsʰi

qian

mace, 1/10 tael

ɑtsoqo

mingtian zaoshang

tomorrow morning

atsoqoʂ dəɤz ȵi mæʁəze

yi tian dao wan

from morn till night

ɑtsu

(yi) zu, (yi) tao

set

ɑtsʰuɑ

chui

to hammer

ætʂuə

bian

times

ɑtsʰun

cun

inch

atu pʰuwɑ ɕipɑ gum tʰəti qɑ sɑχtʂə ŋu

na ge chuan hong yifu de xiaohai shi wo meimei

relative clause sentence (eg. the child, who wears a red dress, is my younger sister)

ɑtu pʰuwɑ lɑɸ tʰæ xsəzg

nasanjian lanse de yifu

those three blue pieces of clothing of mine

ɑtʰuɑ

chongdie, dui

pile up

ætue

tang

CL (trip)

æty

chuyi

first day of the lunar month

ɑusu

shuzi

comb

ɑw

qun

herd, group, flock

ɑw

hequn

to flock together

ɑχɑ

ni (yan)

get tired of, be fed up

æxɕæ

yi ban

half

æxɕæ

yi fang

one side, one party

æχɕue

dasuan

to plan to

æχɕue

xiangdao, lihuidao

to notice

æχɕue æʑæ

yi xin yi yi

of one heart and mind, devotedly

æzæ

youdianr

somewhat

ɑʐbɑ təχsu

chi jing

to be stunned, be startled

azd æʁə

hai mamahuhu, shangke

of passing/indifferent quality

æzd æʁə

mamahuhu

passable

ɑzd dəpi

yihuir

a little while

æzd ȵi mɑŋ

linshi (de)

temporary, provisional

ɑzdəqɑ

shunjian

moment

ɑʐg

yi bi (shengyi)

CL (transaction)

ɑʐg

yi ding (zhangzi)

CL (curtain)

ɑʐg

yi jian (shiqing)

CL (matter)

ɑʐg

yi liang (che)

CL (car)

ɑʐg

yi zhi (chuan)

CL (boat)

ɑʐg

yi zuo (fangzi)

CL (house)

ɑʐg ȵæ æxɕæ

yi ge ban

one and a half

ɑʐgu̥

yi cong (cao)

CL (grass)

ɑʐgu̥

yi ke (shu)

CL (tree)

ɑʐgu̥

yi ping (jiu)

CL (wine)

æʐgue

(yi) dui

pair, couple

aʐgy

doukai

to shake open, to spread by shaking

æzi

yidianr

little

azu̥

ruzuo

to seat at a dinner table

ɑʐu̥

yi shan (men)

CL (door)

ɑʐu̥

yi shuang (xie)

CL (shoes)

æȵæ æ

mei ge ren

each one

æʴmele

duyanlong

gotch-eyed person

æʨo

yi mao qian

a dime

bæ

di

low

bæ

ai

short (of height)

bɑ

jiu

old, ancient

bɑ

jiushi

old-fashioned

bæjy

gaodi

height

bæχʨʰe

kelian

to pity, piteous, pitiable

bə

mifeng, feng

bee, honey bee

bə

qiong

poor

begu̥ nəku̥

muer

dried fungus

bəi

tang

candy

bəi

tang

sugar

bəi ȵi

tian

sweet

bel

shao (ji ge cai)

to cook (a few dishes)

bəl

pachong, kunchong

insects

bəl

maochong

caterpillar

bəl

yinghuochong

firefly

bəl

chongzi

worm

bəl

ganhuor ( laodong )

to do manual labor

bəl

zuo

to make

bəl

zuo, gan

to do

bəl

ban

to handle

bəl dəwe

zhuchong

insect which eats wood or bamboo

bel kuʁuɑ

maiguo menkanr

to step over the doorsill

bəlm

nongfu

farmer

bəχtʂə

chou

bad smell, stinking

bəχtʂə

xing

fishy

bəʐ dəwe

niantu

clay

bəʴ

shengzi

cord, straw rope

bəʴ

gaowan

testicles

bəʴ

da

big, large

bəʴ

jiangsheng

rein(s), bridle

bəʴ hɑpɑ

chuzhenzi

to have the measles

bəʴ χsutæ

tiao sheng

to jump rope

bəʴi æxɕæ

da ban

greater half

bi

niao

urine

bi

gao

tall, high

bie

bei (dongxi)

to carry on the back, to bear on one's back

bie

bei (xiaohai)

to carry a child on the back

bijy

sa niao

to urinate

bime pə

mai bu

to buy cloth

bimie

bu, zhipin

cloth, fabric

bimie lɑpɑ

hua bu

printed cotton

bimie stue

yi pi bu

a bolt of cloth

bitsi

xi

fine (eg. thread)

bitsi

xi (yao)

slender

bu

ban

board, plank

bu

long

deaf

buəi

fengmi

honey

bup

cangying

fly

bup qəze

wenzi

mosquito

bup qəze əʁdʐe

(wenzi) ding

(mosquito) to bite

butsʰu

fengwo

honeycomb, beehive

buχtʂ

huchou

to have underarm odor

buʐ

tu (gande)

soil, earth

buʐ

huichen

dust

buʐ

hui

ash

buʐ dəʴwe

zhan huichen

to get dusty

buʐ ədʐə

hua hui

to become ashes

buʐ ʁəlɸi

sha

sand

buʐ ʐəwe

hui

grey

buʐgy

she

snake

ɕi

jiu

liquor, wine

ɕi kʰueje

jing jiu

to present a cup of wine

ɕi ɤʑue

bai jiuxi

to give a banquet

ɕi ʂqu

niang jiu

to brew wine

ɕi χətʂə

jiuniang

sweet fermented rice

ɕi ȵyʁɑ

quan jiu

to pledge in wine

ɕiŋʨʰi

libai, xingqi

week

ɕipi

nyu shengzhiqi (eryu)

vulva (baby term)

ɕiq təqɑ

zui, hezui

drunk, be drunken

ɕize

hong

red

ɕpiæs tʰəm

rumu

wet nurse

ɕuɑmɑ

ca

to rub in, scrub

ɕuɑmɑ

kai (pigu)

to clean the bottom

ɕue

hu

lake

ɕue

gua

to scrape

ɕue

majiang

mahjong game

ɕue

xiao

shave, sharpen

ɕue qi

da majiang

to play mahjong

dɑæwe

lu

deer

dɑɕɑ

guoji

to give a child for adoption by a near relative

dɑdʐə mɑqəʴ

bianmi

constipation

dɑɸɑ

pu

to spread

dɑgʐ

gei

pass over

dɑgʐ

song

deliver

dɑk

pai, dafa

to send

dɑkən

(jiao ta) gun

to scram

dælæue

liu, sheng

to remain, to be left

dælæwe

shengxia

be left over

dælæwə

shengyu

rest, remnant

dælæwəʴ

chuan (mifang)

to hand down

dæn

dao

to

dænkə

daoda

reach, arrive at, attin

dæɤze

diu

lose

dæpæ

fa ya

to sprout (as from seed)

dɑpæn

qiao (shiqing)

coincidental

dɑpʰɑs

tanzi

blanket

dæq du

gaocuo, nongcuo

to make a mistake

dɑqɑ

luguo, zouguo

to pass by a place

dɑqdo wɑ

rencuo

to admit one's wrong

dæqdu

youzui

to guilty

dɑqdu

wuhui

to misunderstand

dɑqdu

cuo

wrong

dæqəʴ

kaoshang

to pass entrance exam

dɑqəʴ

lie

to crack

dæqtʰæ

tuo

to undress, to take off

dæqti

tuannian

(family) to gather together for New Year's Eve

dɑqu

cui

to hasten, to urge

dɑqu

gankuai

quickly, to hurry

dɑqu

mashang, like

immediately

daqʰuɑ

dao

to fall on its own weight

dɑqʰuɑ

pian, wai

incline, lean

dɑqʰuɑ ȵi ɦɑn

cezhe shui

to sleep on the side

dɑqʰuɑʐ

dadao, nongdao

throw down, fell, bring down

dɑʁ

du (he)

to cross, to ferry

dɑʁɑ

jihe

to gather, to assemble

dɑʁɑ

pailie

range, queue, line, row

dæʁl

duan

cut (with scissors)

dɑʁoje

zhaolai

to summon

dɑʁu

daying

to promise, acnsent to, accept

dɑʁuɑ

kua

to step across

dɑʁuəʴ

shuai

to stumble, to fall down

dɑʁuəʴ

die

to fall

dɑʁuəʴ

dao

but

dɑʁutʂɑ

jieshou

to accept, to undertake

dɑʂ

chuanguo

cross, traverse

dæsæ

wancheng

accomplir

dæʂe

si

death

dɑʂpɑ

feixin, xinku

take pains, suffer trouble

dɑʂqu

laojia

"I have troubled you"

dɑstɑ

kuoda

spread over

dɑsuɑ

man, chongman

be filled

dɑχqɑ

pen

to spurt

dɑχqɑ

yi, man

overflowing

dɑχqu

taodiao

to flee

dɑχsu

pu

to rush on

dæχtʂe

zhishao

at least

dæχu

haixiu

bashful, be ashamed

dæχu mɑχsɑ

wuchi

shameless

dæχus dəwe

diulian

face lost, disgraced

dɑʐbɑ

pijuan

to get tired

dɑʐbɑ

lei

be tired

dæzdi

dedao, huode

to get, to obtain

dæzdi

liyi, yichu

profit, gain, interest

dæzdi

ganshang

overtake

dæzdi qəʴ

gandeshang

be in time

dæʐm

luo, yiwang

to leave behind

dɑʐm

wangji

to forget

də

douzi

bean

də

wandou

snow pea-pod

dəbi

po

be torn

dəɕæ

xisheng

victim, sacrifice

dəɕɑm pʰuwɑ

chuan xiao

to wear mourning

dəɕɑm pʰuwɑ dɑχtʂe

tuo xiao

to put off mourning apparel

dəɕɑm tʂuɑm

xiaozi

filial son in mourning

deɕy

mi

to be fascinated, to be addicted to

dədʐəχu

bu hao yisi

embarassed

dəɸu

siben

to elope

dəɸu

taonan

to flee from calamity

dəgʐ

gei

to give to

dəi

doufu

bean curd

dejɑʴ

outu

to vomit

dək

yingjie, jie

to welcome, to receive, meet

dək

qu

to go

dəlæwe

liuxia, shnegxia

leave

dənkə

daoda

to reach destination

dəɤlæ

ping

level, flat

dəɤle

pingyuan

plain

deɤz

dongshen

to start on a journey

dəɤz

kaishi

to start, to begin

dəɤz

qichu, kaishi

beginning

dəɤʐ

shang

to reward

dəɤʐ

fushang

to attach

dəɤze

shuai (dongxi)

to throw, to cast away

dəɤze

reng (qiu)

to throw

dəɤzə meje

she bude

can't bear to part with

dəp

jiao

scorched

dəpi

douren

pea

dəpi

dadou

soybean

dəpi

sijidou

string bean

dəpi

zhun

accurate

dəpi

dui

correct

dəpi

cheng

percentage

dəpi

zhengque

right, correct

dəpy

baidou

white bean

dəqi

fangjia

to have a holiday

dəqi

shifang

to release, set free

dəqi

song

loose

dəqi

kuanda

lenient

dəqi

fangsong

relax, loosen

dəqi

song

send off

dəqʰuɑ

wai

slanted

dəqʰuɑ

xie

inclined, sloping, slanting, oblique

des

biye

to graduate

dəsæ

wan, jieshu

to end, to finish

dəʂe

si

to die

dəʂem

siren

the dead

dəʂpɑ

jianchi

persist, stand

dəʂqu

mafan (bu rongyi jiejue)

knotty

dəsuɑ

(teng) manyan

to creep

dətʰi

heng

horizontal

dətʰi

hengzhe

horizontally

dətsʰu

dao

upside down

dətsʰuɑ

cong

green onion

dety

hejie

to intercede

dəule

kaishi

to start, to begin

dəwe

shou shang

to get wounded

dəwe

dazhong

hit

dəwuke

zhunbei

to prepare

dəχqu

yishi

to lose (thing)

deχu

keqi

to stand on ceremony

deχu meʨʰi

bie keqi

"do not stand on ceremony"

dəʑue

chuantou

penetrate, piece

dəʑy

bujianle, diule

to disappear, to be lost

didi

pa (shu)

to climb (a tree)

doɸu

taopao, taozou

to escape, to run away

doqu

kuzi

trousers

doqu

shou jing

to be frightened

doqu sul

kudaizi

girdle to fasten trousers round the waist

dotsʰu

diao xialai

to drop

dotsʰu

taxia

to collapse

dotsʰu

luoxia

to fall

doʐo

shuo

to say

dtʂʰ

di

to drip

du

men

door

du

duyao

poison

du

da tie

to forge (thing) out of iron

du

damen

gate

du bel

menkanr

doorsill

du dəʴke

menkour, jinkour

doorway, an entrance

du hɑgdʐe

guan men

to close

du kɑpɑ

mendun

stone block at each side of the steps, outside of the door of a Chinese house

du kux

la men

to slide (a door, drawer)

du qəm

kanmende

doorkeeper

du tsʰuɑ

qiao men

to knock at the door

du ʐge

kai men

to open a door

duɑ

tui

the leg

duɑ kɑpɑ

datui

thigh

duəʴ

yemao

fox, wildcat

dum

guihuo, linhuo

will-o'-the-wisp

dum

da tie de

blacksmith

dunæ pʰə

tu koushui, tu tuomo

to spit

duʁua hɑtʂʰe

shuan men

to bolt (a door)

duʁzɑ

menshuanr

door bolt

duʁzɑ

zhazi

stockade, pailing

duʂme

gui

ghost, spirit

duʂme ʐmuʂ

guishen, xisu, jiaoji

cults, customs, socializing

duʂme ȵæ ʐmuʂ

guishen

cults

dustɑ

zhuan (menniu)

to turn (doorknob)

duʂumi

mogui

devil, Satan

duʂumi

guaiwu

monster, phantom

dy

keren

guest

dy guedʐ

pei ke

to entertain visitor

dy heqi

song (ke)

to see a visitor off, to send

dy ʁoje

qing ke

to invite guests, to give a party

dyp

hounian

year after next

dysu

dahoutian

day after day after tomorrow

dytʂu̥

zuo ke

to be a guest

dʐɑ

zao

early

dʐɑ lus we

kexiao

funny, amusing

dʐɑ ʁəlɑ

zaowan, chizao

sooner of later

dʐɑdʐɑ

weixiao

to smile

dʐɑl

run

soft, uncrisp

dzɑp

tifang

to beware of

dʐɑsti

xiao

to laugh

dzæʐmi

wufan

lunch

dzæʐmi

zhongwu, zhengwu

noon, midday

dzæʐmi kuk

shangwu

before noon

dzæʐmi kʰuȵi

xiawu

afternoon

dzæʐmi kʰuȵi

wuhou

afternoon

dzæʐmi nə

shui wujiao

to take a nap

dzə

chi

to eat

dʐə

guo

frying pan

dʐə

chang

long

dʐə

shiqing

matter, event, function

dʐə

changdu

length

dʐə

shijian

event, incident

dʐə

shiqing

event, function

dʐə bəl

zuoshi (gongzuo)

to work

dʐə bəl

gongzuo

business, job, work, task

dʐə bələ

dazarde

janitor, a household helper

dʐə bələm qəpɑtʂ

gongtou

foreman

dʐə dæmæpi

(shiqing) shibai

to fail

dʐə dəpi

(shiqing) chenggong

to succeed

dzə hatsʰə

baoya

with protruding teeth

dzə mɑlus moŋ bɑ!

bie bu lai ya!

double-negative imperative sentence (eg. don't not come !)

dʐə mɑwe

xiangougfu

leisure

dʐə nɑ

xishi

wedding

dʐə nɑ ɕi

xijiu

wedding feast

dʐə tədʐi

shaore (guo)

to heat up the pan

dʐə tsɑʐg qɑ dəs mæqəʴ

zhe jianshi wo zuobuwan

negative potential sentence (eg. I can't finish this matter)

dʐə tsɑʐqʂ qɑ qəpɑtʂ lə zəxue ʐəʴ bɑ

zhe jian shiqing shi wo shang tou le naojin

pivotal construction (eg. this matter caused me to be brain wrecked)

dʐədi

fashao

fever

dʐədʐə

fashao

to have fever

dʐədʐə

dubo

gambling

dʐədʐə

wen, tang

warm

dʐədʐəs

daqiantian

day before day before yesterday, three days ago

dzədʐu

-zhe (na zhe !)

stative, "hold this! "

dʐədʐu

yang

to rear, to keep

dzəgu

lingxing

fragmentary

dzəku̥

ziben

capital

dzəku̥

huobi

money

dzəku̥

qian

money

dzəku̥

chaopiao

paper money

dzəku̥

zui

mouth

dzəku̥

kou

opening of the mouth

dzəku̥

xiankuan

cash

dzəku̥

feiyong

charge, fee, rates

dzəku̥ ɑʂpe

bishang zui

to close the mouth

dzəku̥ ɑʂpe ȵi dzəze

bizhe zui jiao

to chew with the mouth closed

dzəku̥ dze

duozui

to speak more than one should

dzəku̥ hɑwe

huanben

to balance sale with capital

dzəku̥ hɑʐu

jie (qian)

to lend, to borrow (money)

dzəku̥ kuχʂ

chuxu

to save money

dzəku̥ lɑs ɕipi

tao (qian, zhai)

to dun for (money, debt)

dzəku̥ lɑs hɑwe

huan (qian)

to return (money)

dzəku̥ lɑsʨʰi

qian (qian)

to owe (money)

dzəku̥ lɑtʰi

langfei qian

to waste money

dzəku̥ mɑxʂ tiq lɑs ʨʰi

budan … erqie (budan meiqian, erqie hai qieqian

not only … but also (eg. not only doesnot have money, but also owes money

dzəku̥ səttɑ

huan lingqian

to break money

dzəku̥ stɑ

hui qian

to send money

dzəku̥ təqɑ

zhang zui

to open the mouth

dzəku̥ təqupu

zhuanqian

to gain / to earn money

dzəku̥ təʴle

peiqian

to lose money in business

dzəku̥ χʂətʰɑ

huaqian

to spend money

dzəku̥ ʐmuʂ

caishen

God of Wealth

dzəlæ

nalai

bring over

dʐəmu

changduan

length

dʐəmu

fangwei, juli

place, direction, distance

dʐəmu le

cencibuqi

uneven

dzəmu tsi

suoduan

cut short

dzənme

shoukou

(wound) to heal

dzənpɑ

zhaoliang

to catch cold

dzəɤli

cougou

to make up the proper amount

dzəɤli

zou

to thrash, to strike, to punch

dzəɤʐu̥

ji, shuan

to connect, to fasten

dzəp

renzhen

conscientious

dzəp

xixin

careful

dzəp

zhuyi

to pay attention to

dʐəp

qiannian

year before last

dʐəq

lushui

dew

dʐəq

jie lu

to form dew

dzəs

yinshi

food and drink

dʐəs

qiantian

day before yesterday

dʐəs mæʁəze

qiantian wanshang

day before yesterday evening

dzəʂpəte

huo mian

to mix (dough)

dzəʂu

shouji zai yiqi

to gather together

dzəʂu

jianshi

to pick up

dzəʂu

shouhuo

harvest, ingathering

dzəʂu

dedao, huode

to get, to obtain

dzəte

duo

to chop, to mince

dzətʂe

wozhu

to hold firmly

dzətʂʰe

ji

to squeeze

dzətʂʰe

nie

to pinch with the fingers

dzətʂʰe

jia

pinch

dzətʂʰə

cuo, nie

pick

dzətʂʰe ȵi ɕɑlu

ji chulai

to squeeze out

dzətʰy

jie bing, dong

to freeze

dzətʰy

ninggu

to congeal, become hard

dzətʰy

dongchuang

chilblain

dʐəuə tsɑʂquɑ ʐmeʐ ȵigəjis ŋu

zhe ju hua yong ben di hua zenme shuo

sentence with verbal complement (eg. how do you say this in the local dialect?)

dzəuse

lunliu

in turn

dʐəwe

hua

language, speech

dʐəwe

hua

spoken words

dʐəwe

yuyan

language, speech

dʐəwe bəbə

qiang zui

assertive, to seize to speak

dʐəwe hɑʐgue

huan zui

to talk back

dʐəwe qule

luosuo

chattering, annoying, noisy

dʐəwe stɑ

chuanhua

to interpret

dʐəwe ʐo

jiang hua

to speak

dʐəwe ʐo χɕi

aishuohua

garrulous, talkative

dzəχqe

pi

to split

dzəχʂ

zha

to thrust, to dab

dzəxsun

xu

beard

dzəχti

mie, xiao

to put out, to extinguish

dzəxu̥

tuo

to carry in the palm

dzəxu̥

la

to pull

dzəxu̥

tuo

to drag

dzəxue

wei (qiang)

to wall in

dzəxue

zhua yang, sao yang, nao yang

to scratch

dzəxue

xuan (kai, jin)

to screw

dʐəχus

cankui

to be ashamed

dzəzde

yaodai

waist belt

dzəzde tuzuts

za yaodai

to fasten the waist belt

dzəze

yao

to bite

dzəze

jiao

to chew

dzəʐgu̥

sheng xiu

to rust

dzəʐu

shouhui

to accept a bribe

dʐəʴwəʴ

lyu

ass, donkey

dʐidʐi

tang

(it feels) hot

dzie

yang

itchy

dziku̥ ʂku

pa qian

to pickpocket

dzu

qiaomai

buckwheat

dzu

zuo

to sit

dzu dəwe

zhang mafeng

to have leprosy

dzu næ

liaojie

understand

dzum

miantiaor

noodle

dzuʂ ɦɑχtsi

zhanweizi

taking up space, bulky

dʐutsi

bao

thin

dzuχqeqəpe

pan tui

to cross the legs

dʐy

guke

customer

eɕi tæʁɑ

yongyuan, yongjiu

forever

əɕq

shidai

age, era

əɕq

shiqi

period, age(epch)

əɕuq

hangye

trade, occupation

əɕuq pʰulu əɕuq bəʴj

yilai … erlai (yilai tai gui, erlai tai da)

in the first place ... secondly (eg. in the first place, it is too expensive, secondly, it is too big)

ədzɑ

cixu

order

ədʐe

zhufei

to bring to a boil

əgu̥

gai (bei)

to cover with

əj

mama (duicheng)

mother (address term)

əj

muqin (zhicheng)

mother (quoting term)

əj minmie

ren ganma

to adopt a mother

əj tʂæ zæ

mama zai jiali

simple declarative sentence with the locative verb (eg. mother is at home)

eje

mingnian

next year

əkʰəʴ

ju

to saw

əmi

houmu (duicheng)

stepmother (address term)

əmi

houmu (zhicheng)

stepmother (quoting term)

əmi

dabozi, dabaizi

husband's elder brother

əmi

daguzi

husband's elder sister

əntse kuentse biɑm

woniu

snail

əpʰəʴ

zao

to chisel

əpʰəʴ

chu

to hoe

əpʰəʴ

wa (yong shou)

to dig (with hands)

əquəʴ

ao

concave

əʁ

xialiu

lower course of a river

esi

jieguo

consequence, result, outcome

əʂpe moku

wei bu xiaohua

to have indigestion

əst

pao

to soak

əstu

bijiao

to compare

əti

qifu

to bully

əti

yi gen (zhen)

CL (needle)

eti qəl

xiajian

low, vile, mean

eti tiq

gaogui

noble, honourable

etsi ʨæʨʰi

chadianr, jihu

almost, nearly

etsu

zaochen, zaoshang

morning

ətsu nɑqɑ

meitian zaoshang

every morning

etsy stə

zaofan

breakfast

əwə

baba (duicheng)

father (address term)

əwə

fuqin (zhicheng)

father (quoting term)

əχɕue

juede

to feel

əxqu

kanchu (lai)

to see through

əxtʂ

lan

to fence in

əxtʂ mæqəʴ

di bu zhu

unable to sustain / resist

əxtʂe

kaidao, dong shoushu

to operate on

əχʨue

ning (shi shoujin)

to wring (a wet towel)

əʐ

rongjie, ronghua

to melt

əzdə

jie zhi

to graft

əzdə

tianfang

to marry a widower

əzdə

jie

to take with the hand, to receive

əzdi

jihui

opportunity, chance, occasion

eze

yi tou (niu)

CL (cow)

əʨi

popo (duicheng)

husband's mother (address term)

əʨi

popo (zhicheng)

husband's mother (quoting term)

əʨi

yuemu (duicheng)

wife's mother (address term)

əʨi

zhangmu (duicheng)

wife's mother (quoting term)

əʨi

jiumu

mother's brother's wife

əʨi

yimu (yihun)

mother's sister (married)

əʨi

yimu (weihun)

mother's sister (unmarried)

əʨi

saozi

elder brother's wife

əʨi

xiaoshuzi

husband's younger brother

əʨi

xiaoguzi

husband's younger sister

əʨi

qimei

wife's younger sister

əʨi

gubiao

cousins on father's side

əʨi

yibiao

cousins on mother's side

əʨi əmi

qizi

wife's elder sister

əʨitəpi

pengjian

to meet (by chance)

əʴpɑtʂ tʂʰelæ

shun gutou

to suck at bones

əʴq

jiao

horn

əʴstou

bei

back

əʴstu tsʰuɑti

chui bei

to massage the back by pounding

əʴx

chen

to sink

əʴʨi

long

dragon

əʴʨi

wu

7th earthly branch

ɸən

fen

minute

gə oqʰu

choujin

to have cramps

gəge

zhuo

to catch

gəgə

shou

to guard

gəgə

kanshou

jail keeper

gəgə

kanshou

watch

gən

tebie

special, especially

gən

hen

very

gən

geng

more

gən

ting

rather, pretty

gən

shifen

quite, sufficient

gən

xiangdang

considerably, fairly, pretty

gən

feichang

unusually

gən

fenwai

extraordinarily

gən

… jile

to the extreme

gən

feichang

very, greatly, extremely

gən

geng, erqie

further

gən nɑ

duome (hao!)

how (good !) -degree-

gən mɑnɑ

genghuai

worse

gən nɑ

haohua

gay and extravagant, luxurious

gən nɑ

genghao

better

gən ɤzə

xinla

pungent

gən ʁəʑi

xionge

fierce

gən səli

menre

sultry, hot and close

gən təkʰue

fa piqi

to lose one's temper

gən tsɑχsu bɑ

duo piaoliang ya!

exclamatory sentence (eg. how pretty!)

gəqu

liqi, liliang

strength, force, power, might

gəqu

gongfu

time

gəʴ

jin

tendon

gəʴ

kedai

to mistreat

gəʴ

kebo

miserly, stingy

gu ȵæ tsə

qinshu

kinship

gu ȵæ tsə

qinqi

relatives, kindred

gu ȵæ tsə

qingjia

married relationships

guæ

duan, bian

edge, end, tip

guɑʐ

tongshi

colleague

gue

bing

soldier

guedʐ səsə

jiao pengyou

to make friends

guedʐ tʂu

peiban

to keep company

gueʐ

pengyou

friend

gueʐ

huoji

assistant in a shop, waiter

guəʴ

jundui

army

guəʴ

junren

warrior, soldier

guəʴ

mo, yan

mash, chafe, rub, file

guəʴ ʁɑ kə

dang bing

to become a soldier

guəʴɤz

junguan

officer

guɸɑ

boji (bogu yong)

winnowing tray

guʁlɑ

hua, litou

plow-share

gust

her, hur

kernel, stone

gust

taor

peach

guzdə

zhe, zhedie

to fold

gzə ʁɑ təʂpe gʐə

paima

to flatter obsequiously

gʐəse

tao

to demand

gʐu

nuli

slave

ɦɑɸɑti

dou (chulai)

to shake out

hɑgu

huimen

first visit of a bride to her parents

hɑgu

hui

to return, to come back

ɦæke

tiaodan

to carry on a carrying pole

ɦɑkə

daodi, jiujing

in the last resort, really

hɑkʰəʴ

shiba

eighteen

ɦækəʨi

jianshao

to decrease

ɦɑkəȵi

anzhao

by

ɦɑkiȵi

anzhao, genju

according to

ɦækuetʂ

huilu

to bribe

ɦɑl

jia

to add

ɦɑl

jiashang

add

hælæ

nachu

to issue

hɑlu

chu

to exit, to come out

ɦæm

shou

get ripe, to ripen

ɦɑm

shou

done, ripe

hæmækə

toutoude

slyly

hæmætʰæ

ben, bu congming

stupid

ɦæmæχs

yangyang deyi

self-satisfied

ɦæmæχs

jiaoao

proud

ɦæmæχs

aoman

haughty

ɦæmæχs

zihao, bai dajiazi

be arrogant, be haughty

ɦɑmtʂɑ qæpi

bangwan

sunset

hɑn

shier

twelve

hɑŋ

yuanxiao

Feast of Lanterns

hɑnqə

layue, shieryue

12th lunar month, December

hɑŋu

shiwu

15th day of the lunar month

hɑŋu

shiwu

fifteen

hɑŋu ȵi meʨʰi

zhide

is worthy of

hɑɤl

baodong

riot

hɑɤl

fan

turn over (the wrong side), reversed

hɑɤl

kangkai

generous

hɑɤl

fanmian

reverse

ɦæp

lao, bu nianqing

old of age

ɦɑp

lao le

to get old

ɦɑp

laorenjia, laonianren

old age

ɦæpe

jin

dip, soak

hæpel

chu(xian)

to appear

hɑpel

chuxian

apparaitre

hɑpil

fasheng

to happen, to arise

hɑqɑ

chujia

to become a Buddhist priest or nun

ɦæqʰæ

shu

sparse

ɦɑqɑ

guo, guoqu

elapse, past over

ɦɑqɑ

jingguo, you

by way of, via

ɦɑqɑjɑʴ

fenkai, fenli

separate

ɦɑqɑʐɑ

fenbie

separate

ɦɑqəʴ

nongpo

to break, to tear

ɦɑqəʴje

fen, fenkai

to divide

hæqi

zhifu, jiaoqian

pay

hɑqu

fandui

opposition

ɦɑqu

dabai

to be defeated

hɑqʰuɑ

tangxia

to lie down

ɦɑquɑ

pa

to lie flat on the stomach

ɦɑquɑ

pufu

to crawl

ɦɑquɑ ȵi ɦɑn

pazhe shui

to sleep with stomach down

hɑqʰue

wu (zuiba)

to cover with the hand

ɦɑque

gaishang

to cover from head down

ɦæquoʴ

yan

be drowned

ɦæʁ

xia

to descend, to go down

ɦɑʁdʐə

han

to hold in the mouth

ɦæʁədʐe

diao, xian

hold a thing in one's mouth

hɑʁəm

chujiaren

Buddhist priest or nun

hɑʁən

chuqu

go out, depart

hɑʁəs

chukou

exit, way out

ɦæʁəʑi

shuairuo

weak

ɦɑʁuɑʴ

ya

dumb

ɦæʁʑi

huihuai, zaota

devastate, put in desorder

hɑʂke

yikao

back of a chair

ɦɑʂke

kao

to lean against

ɦɑʂpe

e

hungry, starve

ɦɑʂpe ɦəʑe

e de fa huang

fatigue, as a result of hunger

hɑst

shiqi

seventeen

ɦæst

shao

make a fire, burn

ɦɑstu̥

mai

to bury

hɑsu

zhan

to stand

hɑsun

zhan qilai

to stand up

hætʰæ

benshi, benling

ability, capability

hætʰæ

nenggan

capable

hætʰæ

nengli

ability

ɦæts mæqəʴ

xingji

impatient, quick-tempered

ɦætsə

rennai

endure

ɦɑtsə

renshou

to endure

ɦɑtsə xsə qəʂ ɤdʐə pi

you zhe san yang jiu gou le

sentence with conditional clause (eg. if there were these three kinds, it would be enough)

hɑtʂu̥

shiliu

sixteen

hɑtʂuɑ

deng

to gaze fiercely

ɦɑtsʰuɑ

chui xialai

to dangle

ɦɑtsuqɑ

(cai) lan

(vegetables) spoiled

ɦɑtu̥

gang (liang ge ren)

to carry on the shoulders

ɦɑtʰuɑ

duidie

to pile up

hætʰy

wang hou tui

to retreat

hɑwe

gan (chuqu)

to chase away, to drive

ɦɑwe

paihang

order of seniority

ɦɑχ

nonghuai, huihuai

to break, to destroy

hɑχtʂe

chou (qian)

to draw out (lots)

hɑχtʂe

cai, qu

to adopt

ɦæχtʂu

gai

lid

hɑxu̥

pa

to rake

hɑxu̥

ba

to pull out, to pull off

hɑxue

tao

to pull out, to take out (from pocket)

hɑʐ

shisi

fourteen

ɦæzæp

zhuyi

decision, resolution

ɦɑʐəbe

wanyao

to stoop

haʐgæ

kai zhang

newly open

hɑʐgæ

xiankai

to lift open (a lid)

hɑʐgu

zhuan guolai

to turn around

hɑʐgu

beidili

on the quiet, in secret

hɑʐgu̥

shijiu

nineteen

hɑʐgue

da

to answer

hɑʐgue

yingda

to respond verbally

hɑʐgue

huibai

to return a visit

hɑʐgy

reng laji

to throw away, to abandon, to cast away

hɑʐu̥

chushen

origin

hɑʐu̥

xingming, chushen

identity

ɦæȵi

linshi

get wet

ɦəɕie moʁɑ

bu xiaohua

indigestible, overfilling and uncomfortable

ɦedi

tangshang

to scald oneself

ɦəgæ

daibu

to seize and arrest

ɦəjy

cheng

pile up

ɦəɤl

shu

to lose

ɦəqʰəʴ

nonghuai, nongsui, yasui

crush

hesi

shisan

thirteen

ɦətʂ

shasi

to kill

ɦətʂʰe

an

to press down

ɦətʂʰe

yange, yan

strict, rigid, severe

hətsʰəpe

lao, bu nen

tough

hətsʰəpe

(cai) lao

(vegetables) tough, old, not tender

ɦətʰu

zhulan, zhuruan

cooked till tender

hetʰy

rang bu

to give into

ɦətʰy

jian

to subtract

ɦəxu̥

gong

to attack

ɦəxue

baowei

to surround

ɦəxue

yuan

round

ɦəxue

tuoyuan

oval shaped

ɦəʴgu̥

zhongxin

central

heʨi

shiyi

eleven

heʨiq

shiyiyue

November

heʨitʂ

di shiyi (ge)

eleventh

ɦəʴpɑtʂ

gutou

bone

ɦəʨʰue

ta

to tread

hodu

shi

ten

hodu modzu

shiduo ge, shilai ge

ten odd

hoduq

shiyue

October

hodʐu

jie (qian)

to lend, to borrow (money)

jænkə

yandou

tobacco pipe

jæntsʰɑ

baicai

Chinese cabbage

jænχu

chaihuo

fuel

jɑq

wuding

roof

jats

yazi

duck

jats wəst

yadan

duck's egg

jatʂus

wan shaofan

to play cooking

jæχu

huochai

matches

jæχu səkʰəʴ

hua huochai

to light a match

jɑʴlu

ouxin

nauseating

jɑʴlu

ouxin

nauseating, unsightly

jɑʴp

keng

hole in the ground, pit

jæʴq

liangshi

food stuff

jɑʴq

zhuangjia

crop

jɑʴstu

beihou

shade

jəp

dizhu

landowner

jest

wanfan

supper, dinner

jetɕi

dongfang

nuptial chamber

jetɕip

zhuren

master (of servant)

jeʐu̥ dəwe

quekou (pingzi)

broken

jeʨi

kezhan

an inn

jəʨip

zhuren

host

jije

feng

to sew

jije

fengren

sewing

jikue

gan

dry

jil

xian

thread

jil

xian

line

jil xue

rao xian

to wind thread

jiməʴ

yumi, yushushu

Indian corn, maize

jip

you qian, fu

rich

jits

yizi

chair

jits

feizao

soap

jo

you

also, in addition

jo

lingwai

additionally

jo

dengdeng

etc.

jo ædue

zai

again

jo ɑqo ədzəßn bɑ

(zai chi yidian ba)

additive, "eat some more ! "

jo ɑsˈtæq

gaitian, cengjing

some day, ever

jo ætue

chongfu

to repeat

jo ætue ɤzuk

zaijia

(woman) to remarry

jo oqo

dongjia

employer

jo ʐmə

chuohao

nickname

joʁu

yuanzi

courtyard

joʁu

shaichang (shaiguzi yong)

drying yard

joʁu

caochang

playground

joujou pe

zhuo micang

to play hide and seek

jouməʴ

mogu, ercaogu

grass mushroom

jouməʴ

yangmogu

mushroom

jul

langan

railing

jy ətou ɤzuk

zaihun de nyuren

woman who remarries

jy ʁuɑʁəm

mafu

groom

jyjy

fenpei

to distribute

jypie

xiongtang, xiongpu

chest

jysti

maan

saddle

jytʰaχ

qita

other human relations

jytʰɑχ

qita

others

jytʰɑχ

biede

different

jytʰɑχəß

bie

"don't! "

jytsʰe

nan shengzhiqi (eryu)

male organ (baby term)

jyus tsətsæ

macao

manger

jyw

muma

mare

jyw qətʂe

qi ma

to ride a horse

kæ

mai, maibo

pulse

kʰɑ

xian

salty

kædʐæ

wen

to ask

kɑlɑŋbɑ səʂɑ

daochu dou shi laji

copula sentence (eg. everywhere is garbage)

kɑŋtsi

ganjing

clean

kɑpɑ

qiyuan

origin

kɑpɑ

benzhi

substance, essence

kæpiæ

bian

to knit

kʰɑq

ku

bitter

kɑʁu

ciqi

porcelain

kætse

hao mai

to examine the pulse

kɑχ mæptsʰi

bu dajin

unimportant

kæȵi

zhi

mole

ke

mai

pulse of the wrist

kə

qu, likai

leave, go away

kə nɑ

zheme (hao)

this much

kə nɑ

name (hao)

that much

kə moŋu mɑptsʰe

dei, bixu

to have to

kʰə we

xisu

social customs

kʰə we

fengsu

customs

kədʐə

fangwen

visit

kəitʂə

gaosu

to inform, to announce

kʰəj

fangche

spinning wheel

kʰəkʰəʴ

jiang jia

to haggle over prices

kʰəlɑ

bozu

lame

kʰəlɑ sel

bozuzoulu

to limp

kəp tʂæ

guer

orphan

kəpɑ

genr

root

kʰeq hɑŋ

zhongqiujie

mid-autumn festival

kəqi

qu

to take a wife

kətʰi

shenpan

to judge

kətʰi

Shen’an

to try a case

kəty

da jie

to make a knot

kʰəwe

xiguan

to be accustomed to

kʰəwe

guishen, xisu, jiaoji

cults, customs, socializing

kʰəʴ

mifan

cooked rice

kʰəʴ

qie

(with downward motion) to cut

kʰəʴ

ba

eight

k⁴əʴ

qishi

take oath, swear

kʰəʴ tsæχse xsə suʂ dzə

zhexie mi you sanshi jin zhong

sentence with measure expression (eg. these rice weigh up to thirty catties)

kʰəʴ χəqɑ

tao mi

to wash rice

kəȵi

rengjiu

as before

kəȵi

qishi

as a matter of fact

kəȵi

zheyang

such, like this

kəʨi

shengkou

livestock, cattle

kəʨi

shao

few

kəȵi bəl

zheme (zuo)

in this way

kəȵi bəl

name (zuo)

in that way

kəȵi bələs mɑŋ ɦɑkəȵi bələs ŋu

bu shi name zuo, shi zheme zuo.

contrastive sentence (eg. it is not to be done that way, it is to be done this way)

kʰəʴp

man

full

kʰəʴq

bayue

August

kʰəʴsu

bashi

eighty

kəʴʨi

(gong) ma

horse

ki

benlai

originally

kʰi

cu

coarse

ki jin bɑ

fenfu

to command

ki wəs mɑŋ ȵi

houhui

to regret

kiȵi

jiu

right away

kiȵi ʂɑn

zhi

only

koqʰəʴ

zhe

to sting

kʰou depi

ganji

to be grateful

kʰoudepi

xiexie (zuo de shi)

to thank for an act of kindness

kʰpe

dongwu

animals

ku

ge he, shouge

to harvest

ku

ge

to cut with sideward motion

ku

ni

'you (thou)' PRO 2nd sg.

kʰu

xu

11th earthly branch

kʰu bəʴ

fei

to bark

ku du hɑɤdʐi

ba (ni ba men guanshang)

(eg. you must shut the door. )

ku dʐɑ

ni zao

good morning

ku hɑmeʐu̥ pi tɑ ʂə tʰɑtʂ ləɤz bəʴ tʰɑχ su pi

ni hai mei chusheng yiqian ta yijing nian daxue le

sentence with time clause (eg. before you were born he had already attended college)

ku lɑpɑ tsɑʐgu̥ ɑʂ təbuχtʂə

ni lai wenwen zhe duo hua xiang bu xiang

"compressed" sentence (eg. you come and smell this flower to see if it is fragrant)

ku mænæ

tingjian, tingdejian

to hear

ku mɑɤʐn qɑʂ hɑwɑ

ni bu hui, rang wo lai

sentence with pro-form (eg. you don't know, let me do it)

ku mæʨʰin tsʰæ ŋu wɑ mɑŋ

ni bu yao, shi bu shi?

negative tag-question (eg. you don't want, right?)

ku nɑ

ni hao

"how are you"

ku nə

ni zhidao

you know

ku si tsæ χɕi mɑ mæχɕi nɑ

ni xi (huan) bu xihuan kan xi?

verb-not-verb question (eg. do you like to watch drama or not ?)

ku stə dzən

ni zai chifan

you are having meal

ku stə jikue dzə mæ næ ʐə tʰə mæ nɑ

ni shi chi fan shi chi xifan?

disjunctive question (eg. are you eating rice or congee?)

ku stə sədzən næ

-le (ni chi le fan mei you ?)

perfective, "have you eaten?"

ku tʰæʂ næ kəmæn

ni shenme shihou zou?

question-word question (eg. when are you coming back?)

ku tʰɑtʂ ɑtuɑ mæzæ mæqəʴn

ni yao da ta yi dun cai xing

sentence with frequency expression (eg. you have to give him a spank and then it is alright)

ku tʰɑtʂ dɑʁojen næ

-you (ni you mei you jiao ta lai ?)

past, "did you ask him to come?"

ku tʰɑtʂ næ ækə bi

gen … yiyang (ni gen ta yiyang gao)

as...as, same as (eg. you are as tall as he is)

ku tʰɑtʂ qəs lə ɤənə tsʰun bi

bi (ni bi ta gao liang cun)

comparative degree marker (eg. you are taller than him)

ku tʰɑtʂ stəpɑ tu nɑ mɑlu pi

yaoshi ni xin ta, jiu zaogao la!

sentence with conditional clause (eg. if you believe him, it will be a mess)

ku təʐu̥ ʂə gən tsʰæ ʁəʑn

zicong … yilai (zicong ni chusheng yilai,ni yizhi hen shou)

since (eg. since you were born)

ku tʂoŋkuo kə din næ

-guo (ni qu guo Zhongguo ma ?)

completive, "have you been to China?"

kʰu zədu

(gong) gou

dog

ku zəje meʨʰi

bu yong (ni bu yong ku)

need not (eg. you need not cry)

ku zəwe ɦɑdʐɑ sti zəwe mɑxɕy pi

ni yue xiao ta jiu yue bu gan shuo hua

correlative sentence (eg. the more you laugh the more he dares not speak)

ku ȵi mæχɕin tu pu mæʨʰi

jiran (jiran ni bu xihuan, ni jiu biemai)

since (eg. since you don't like it, don’t buy it)

ku ȵi tʰɑtʂ ʁɑ kətʂə qɑ kə mæ

ni gaosu ta wo jiu qu

sentence with nominalized object (eg. you tell him I away) am going right

ku ȵigə dəpi ʐə stæxæ ʐə æʁɕi

zenme ni yue lai yue shou?

correlative sentence (eg. how come you are getting thinner and thinner?)

ku ȵigə ʨʰin næ

ni yao shenme ne?

question-word question (eg. what do you want?)

ku ʨʰin ŋu wɑ mɑŋ

ni yao, shi bu shi?

positive tag-question (eg. You want (it), right?)

kuædi stə dzəj

niliang zai chifan

you two are having meal

kʰuɑŋ

kuang

mine, ore deposit

kuændi

nilia

you two

kudzɑ

jiejin

approach

kudʐə

kao

to roast

kudʐəstu

yibiao

demeanor, bearing

kudʐu

jie guo

to bear fruit, to grow fruit

kʰudzu

pifubing

skin diseases

kudzun

zuoxia

to sit down

kue

naqu

take away

kue

chuan, gaosu

convey, transmit, inform

kuepie

chutou

hoe

kuetʂ

zhazi (guti)

dreg (of solids)

kuetʂ

zhazi (liuti)

dreg (of liquids)

kʰuəʴ

shuan

to rinse,scald thin slices of meat in boiling wate

kʰuəʴ

ti

shave

kʰuəʴ

cuo, nie

pick

kʰuəʴ dəwəʴ

nongzang

stain

kui

jiang

ginger

kuiʨy

guiju

rules of conduct

kuje

guoye

to stay overnight

kujəʴ

ding

to nail

kujin

liu

to keep, stay, remain

kujin

liuxia, shnegxia

leave

kuk

fanwei

range

kʰukʰu le

xiaoqi

mean-spirited

kʰukʰue

qi

to anger

kʰukʰue

hen

to hate

kukuidæ

jianghe

truce

kukuidæ

toujiang

to surrender

kulæ

nimen

'you (ye)' PRO 2nd pl.

kulæ stə dzə

nimen zai chifan

you are having meal

kulæ tæ

nimen de

yours (pl.)

kulæ tʰiæʂ næ kəs

nimen shenme shihou zou?

question-word question (eg. when are you all coming back?)

kʰulu

dalie

to hunt

kʰulum

lieren

hunter

kulun

jiaojinlai, zhuangru

to let s.o. to come in

kunæ

tingshuo, jushuo

it is said, they say

kunæ

tingjian, tingdejian

to hear

kuɤl

zheng

upright

kupɑ

guoba

burnt rice that adheres to sides of pot

kupie

shankai

to slip to one side

kupie

duo

to hide

kupie

binan

to seek refuge from calamity

kuqɑ

zhu

worm-eaten, moth-eaten

kuqʰu

tan

to pluck with the fingers

kuʁ

jin

to enter

kuʁən

cha dui

to wedge in, to crowd into the line

kuʂ

cai (caiyao)

subsidiary, article of diet

kuʂ

fang (jiaju)

to arrange / to place (furniture)

kuʂ

ge, fangzhi

to put, to place in/on

kuʂ

pai, bai

to line up, to queue up, to dispose

kuʂ

zanshi, zanqie

temporarily

kuʂ

yue

to promise

kuʂ kutsi

jiacai

to pick up with chopsticks

kʰus meχuɑ

mugou

bitch

kuʂ pə

mai cai

to buy vegetables or groceries

kuʂ ʁoje

jiao cai

to order food in a restaurant

kuʂ ste

jian cai

to sort out vegetables

kuse

wei

to roast in hot ashes

kuʂəß

jueding

to decide

kuʂəß

jiao

hand over

kuʂpe

pangbian

side, beside, alongside

kuʂpe

fujin

around

kuʂpe

kuai, jiangjin

soon

kuʂpe

qian, xiang

put, insert

kuʂpe

fujin, linju

neighbourhood

kuʂpə

nian

to glue, to stick

kuʂpə

tie (chunlian)

to paste up

kustu̥

manzhu

to conceal

kustu̥

(ba ~ ) cang qilai (bu rang ren kan)

to hide (things) (don’t let anyone see it)

kustu̥

cang

hide oneself

kustu̥

chucang, cun

preserve, cun

kut

maosheng

luxuriant

kut

peng

to run against

kut

mi

dense

kutæ

ni de

yours (sg.)

kutʰə

chongtu, zhuang

clash into, collide with

kutəʐbe

renyou

let (him) do as he pleases

kutʂ

shucai

vegetables

kutʂ

shucai

vegetables

kutʂ

ci

to prick

kutʂ

chuan

to pierce

kutʂ kuʂ

shang cai

to start serving a banquet

kutʂʰæ

cun, ji

accumulate, save up

kutse

chang

to smack one's lips, the action of tasting

kutse

zhaogu

to look after

kutse

dailing

to lead

kutse qɑ

shangguang, shanglian

to favor with one's presence

kutsi

liutang

to be kept behind in school as punishment

kutsi

fu

to support, to prop up

kutsʰuɑ

pengshang

to knock against something and get hurt

kutʂʰuɑn

guochanzi

food-turner

kutsut

tong

pail

kuty

shenti

body

kuty

jian

to meet with

kuty

kanjian

to see

kuty

qugan

trunk

kuty

shenti, shengli

body parts and functions

kuty bəʴ

qiangzhuang

strong

kuty dæs

kanpo

to see through a thing

kuty mædi

xihan, xiqi

rare, novel, curious

kuty medi

haoqi

adventurous

kuty qəʴ

touming

transparent

kuty qəʴ

kandejian

be visible

kuty χqɑ

xizao

bath, bathing

kutys moɸu

xihan

rare

kuxɕɑn

si

silk

kuχətʰe

chongjinr, chong

bold and aggressive

kuχqe

chao

to stir fry, to fry

kuxʂ

ge, fangzhi

to put, to place in / on

kuxʂ

fangjia

take off, undo

kuxʂ

fangxia, xiexia

inload, take off, undo

kuχtʂe

qia

to clamp

kuzd

qing an

to pay respects to

kuzu̥ kən

qingzuo

"please have a seat"

kuzu̥ mæqəʴ

wanpi

naughty

kuzu̥ mæqəʴ

taoqi

mischievous

kuzu̥ ty mætsə

zuowobuan

restless

kuzulən tʰɑtʂ ləɤz ʨætsæ ji wɑ

dang yihuir, ta hai yao kanshu

wait a monent, he has to read book.

kuzy

dang

to ward off

kuʨæ mi

huaqiao

overseas Chinese

kuʨæ tsɑqu

zijiren

in-group

kuȵæʂ tʰɑtʂ jo ətue zətəʁu ɦɑqɑj

tingshuo ta you qu le Chengdu

it is said that he went to Chengdu again.

kuʨe dʐəwe

tuhua

local dialect

kuʨe qej

tuyin

local accent

kʰuȵi

waimian, waibian

outside, out, exterior

kʰuȵi

yiwai

beyond

kʰuȵi

biaomian

surface

kʰuȵi

yewai

field, open country

kʰuȵi

waimian, waibian

outside

kʰuʨi

gouwo

kennel

kʰuȵi hɑqɑ

chumen, lyuxing

to travel

kʰuȵi kə

lüxing

travelling, journey, trip, tour

kʰuȵi le

yuanqin

distant relatives

kʰuȵi mi

waishengren

person from another province

kʰuȵi mi

xiyangren

foreigner

kʰuȵip

wairen

outsider

kuʨʰy

hui lan

(animals) to return to the pen

kuʨʰy

(ba xiaohai) guan qilai

to shut up (someone)

kuʨʰy

juliu

to detain

kuʨʰy

zuolao

to be imprisoned

kʰuʨy

(guzi) xu

(grain) hollow

kuʨʰym

qiufan

prisoner

kuʨyqɑ

da jihao

to mark / make a sign

kuʨyqɑ

jizhu

to make an effort to remember

læ

zhu

to dwell, to live

læ

hou

thick

læ

~li, ~zhong

in, among, midst, mid, amid

læ

jiaru, canjia

join, participate

læ

zhu

lodge in, spend night

lɑ

fou

to float, to drift

lɑ

lang

wolf

lɑ

fei

to fly

lɑ

lazhu

candle

lɑ

piao

float

læɕæ

wudao

dance

læɕæ xue

tiao wu

to dance

lɑɸ

lan

blue

læj

zhengqi

vapor, steam

læj təpe

zhengfa

evaporate

læj tʂum

ban sangshi de ren

undertaker

læj xuxu

weir, xiangwei,qiwei

smell, scent, odor

lɑkə

xie

shoes

lɑkə ʂky æʁdʐe

jie xiedai

to untie (shoelace)

lɑkə ʂky kudʐu

chuan xiedai

to lace the shoe

lɑkə ʂky kudʐu

xi xiedai

to tie (shoelace)

læmi

heshang, sengren

monk

lɑngi

mahu

sloppy

lɑnʂə

changpao

robe, long gown

lɑŋtɑ

touxian

to waste time while on a job

lɑnʨʰiχu

suibian

"at your convenience"

lɑŋʨʰiχu

luan, xia, hu

blindly

lɑpɑ

hua

flower

lɑpɑ

huar

picture, drawing, painting

lɑpɑ

hua (yifu)

colorful

lɑpɑ dəpæ

(daozi) kaihua

(rice) to bloom

lɑpɑ dəpəʴ

kai hua

to bloom

lɑpɑ dotsʰu

luo hua

flowers falling

lɑpɑ əbi

huaban

petals of a flower

lɑpɑ qəpɑtʂ

huabao

bud

lɑpɑ tʂʰɑm

diaohua

to carve figures/pictures

lɑpɑ χɑq

huacao

flowers and grasses

lɑpɑ χutʰɑ

hua huar

to draw/ paint a picture

lɑqu

xiuzi

sleeves

lɑqu qəʐ

xiukour

mouth of a sleeves

lɑʁusɑ

gebeizhou

elbow

lɑʁusɑ dzətʂʰe

yexia jia

to tug under the arm

lɑʁusɑ dzəxue

beiwan

inner side of elbow

lɑʁusɑ kut

yi zhou ding ren

to elbow, to nudge

lɑs

daiti

to take the place of

lɑs ʐgue

huan jia

to make an offer

lɑs ʐgue

baoda

to requite

lɑʂqu̥

da heqian

to yawn

læstu

zhuzhai

residence

lɑtʰi

langfei

wasteful

lætʂu̥

shouzhang

palm

lɑuʐə

renao

bustling, lively, cheerful

læxse

ta

pagoda

lɑχu

jianbang

shoulder

laχu ti

pai (jianbang)

to pat (on the shoulder)

lɑχu ɦɑtu̥

tuo zai bozi shang

to carry piggyback

læz

mingyun

fate

læz

yuanfen

the fate by which persons are brought together

læz mɑnɑ

buxing, yunqibuhao

unfortunate

læz nɑ

xingyun

lucky

læz nɑ

xingyun, yunqihao

fortunate

læz ʁəʑi

daomei

unlucky

læz ʁəʑi

daoyun, yunqi huai

unfortunate, unlucky

læzd

~ de shihou

about (the time)

læzəß

mingyun, yunqi, suming

destiny, fate

læznɑ

xiangfu

happiness

lɑʨʰi

langfei

to waste

le

qin

close (in relationship)

lə

fengchai

sting of a bee/wasp

lə

songshu

pine

lə

li

plow

lə

ye

also

lə

gengtian, gengzuo

cultivation

lə

geng

to cultivate

ləg

shulinzi

grove, copse, woods

lemi

jingshen huodong

mental activities

lemi xse

duosuo

to shiver

lemi xse

da lengjin

to shudder

ləɤz

shu

book

ləɤz

zhi

paper

ləɤz

caozhi

toilet paper

ləɤz

zi, wenzi

letter, character

ləɤz aw sue

tongxue

schoolmate

ləɤz bie

bei shu

to recite lessons from memory

ləɤz dæmæpi jɑʴ

xiecuo zi

to write the wrong characters

ləɤz dzəʂpe

heshang shu

to close a book

ləɤz hɑqɑ

fan shu

to turn the page

ləɤz jɑʴ

xie zi

to write

ləɤz mɑɤʐ

bu shi zi

illiterate

ləɤz ɤʐə

shi zi

literate

ləɤz su

nian shu, yonggong

to study

ləɤz su des

xia ke

to dismiss class

ləɤz su dəwe

shang ke

to begin class

ləɤz tsɑpən sətæ ŋu

zhe ben shu shi shei de?

noun phrase-predicate sentence (eg. whose book is this?)

ləɤz tse

kan baozhi

to read newspaper

ləɤz tse

kan shu

to read a book

ləɤz tse

wen shu

to review lessons

ləɤz tse

mo shu

to write from memory

ləɤz tsʰutsʰu

jiao shu

to teach, to instruct

ləɤz zdum

shuoshu de

storyteller

ləɤz ʨænæ xʂə

shu zai nar ya?

question-word question (eg. where is the book?)

lətʂu̥

zengsun

great-grandson

ləwə

zengjia

to increase

ləwə

duoyu

surplus

ləχsepetʂ qi

fan jindou

to play somersaults

lezd

shijian

time, hour

lezd

shihou

time

ləʐgu

huang, bu wen

unsteady

ləzu̥

songguo

pine cone

lik

nan shengzhiqi

male organ (common term)

lik

nan shengzhiqi (yinyu)

male organ (euphemistic term)

lu

lai

to come

luglu

gun

to roll

lup

luobo

turnip

lup

huluobo

carrot

luqtis

mianfenshai

flour sieve

luχʂ

jiang cuhua

to use bad words

mɑ

jingzi

mirror

mægə ɦɑzu̥

bie dong

don't move !

mɑgʐ

cha, bu gou hao

not good enough

mægʑipi

zhihao

to recover, to heal

mɑje

xianmu

to envy

mɑk mɑptsʰi

mingling

to give command, to bid, to order

mækɑŋtsi

zang, angzang

dirty

mælæmetsæχsu

qixing

(human being) deformed

mælə mætsæχsu

lou

leak out

mɑŋ

bu

no (negative answer)

mɑŋ

jinzhi

to prohibit, to forbid

mɑŋ

bu (buhao / bushi)

not (eg. it is not good / it isn't )

mɑŋ qɑ mæʨʰæ

bu shi, wo bu yao

negative answer to positive tag-question (no, I don’t want (it))

mɑŋ qɑ ʨʰɑ

bu shi, wo yao

negative answer to negative tag-question (no, I want (it))

mɑŋ tʰɑtʂ qɑ mɑs

bu, ta bu renshi wo

negative answer to positive particle question (no, he doesn’t know me.)

mɑŋ tʰɑtʂ qɑ sə

bu, ta renshi wo

negative answer to negative particle-question (no, he knows me.)

mɑŋ bɑ

bu shi ba?

negative particle-question (eg. (it) isn't true, I guess? (with disbelief))

mɑŋ di

chule~(yiwai)

besides

mɑŋ tʂə

kebushi

indeed, I see!

mɑnɑ

huai

bad, wrong

mɑnɑ

youhai

harmful

mɑnɑ

huai

be broken

mɑnɑ

bu (buhao / bushi)

not (eg. it is not good / it isn't )

mɑnɑ pi

fubai, huai

rotten

mɑnɑ tʰɑtʂɑ

huaichu

bad points

mænmæn

ouran

casually, by chance

mɑnɤdʐu

huran

suddenly, promptly, quickly

mɑnpɑ

nuanhuo

warm

maŋpi

zouyang

(clothes) deformed

mɑntik

qiu

ball

mɑntik titi

da qiu

to play ball

mæp tsʰi

zhongyao

inportant

mæptsʰi

dajin, yaojin

urgent

mɑptsʰi

qiangpo

to compel, to force

mɑqɑ

mo

to touch

mɑqɑ

se, bu hua

rough

mɑqɑ

mei

per (person)

mæqʰuɑ

mu

female

mɑʁɑ tse

zhaojingzi

to look in a mirror

mæʁəze

yejian

nighttime

mæʁəze

wanshang

evening

mɑʁu

jujue

to refuse

mɑʁu

fandui

to oppose

mæʁzæ qəʴtu mi tʂʰətʂʰə

wanshang jieshang ji man le ren

existential sentence (eg. at night the street is crowded with people)

mæʁze

yeli

midnight, depth of night

mæʁze nɑ

wanshang hao

good evening

mɑʂaɑ

bu xiaoshun

undutiful, ungrateful

mæsə

mosheng

to feel strange

mɑsə

shengren

stranger

mæsə qu

pasheng

to be bashful towards strangers

mæsəli mɑnpɑ

liang, liangkuai

cool

mæʂpie

shu

distant (in relationship)

mæste

huaiyi

to suspect

mɑsuɑ

fengci

to jeer at

mætsæ

dun, bu fengli

dull

mɑtʂɑ

ni (shide)

mud

mɑtʂʰɑ

qian

shallow

mætsæχsu

guguai, qimiao

strange, odd, queer

mɑtsə

mazi

pockmark

mɑtsə

mazi(ren)

person with pockmarks

mɑtsə qəli

malian

with pockmarks

mæty

xiangfan

inverse, reverse

mæty pi

bian

to change

mɑu

miao

second

mɑwpie

cizhi

to resigh from a job

mɑχɑ

jianghu

paste

mɑχɑʴ

hun

become muddy

mæχɕi pie

nanguo

to be distressed

mɑxʂ

ling

zero

mɑxʂ

meiyou

without

mɑxʂ pi

xiaoshi

go off, disappear, vanish

mɑχsɑ

waihang

amateur

mɑχsɑ ʂpaq

jiazhuang

to pretend

mɑχsɑm

shazi

simpleton, fool

mɑχu

yuanwang

to do injustice to

mɑχu

sunshi

loss

maχuɑn

mahuang

leech

mæχʨʰi

kewu

detestable

mæz læ

zhen (de)

really, truely

mæzæ

bu zai (jia)

not at (home)

mæzæ pi

qu, likai

leave, go away

mæzdepi

lai buji

too late

mæzdi

congmang

in a hurry, hurried

mæzdis muxu

mantuntunde

sluggish

mæzəlæ

dangran

of course, certainly

mɑʐg

bu jieshi

flimsy

mɑʐgæpi

ting ye

to close (business)

mæzlæ

dique

really and truly

mæzlæ

shizai

actually, in reality

mæzlæ

zhenshi, zhenli

truth

mæzlæ

shishi

fact

mæȵi xue

raoquanzi

to go around in a circle

mə

shan dian

lightning

mə

huo

fire

mə

mo, moshui

(Indian, Chinese ink)

mə

moshui

ink

mə

tianwen, tianqi, guang

sky, weather, light

mə dəʴwe

zhao huo

on fire, to catch fire

mə tsə

fang huo

arson

mə zdɑ

dashan

the lightning flashes

məɕkɑw

yanjiemao

eyelash

məd tʰɑɕue

hanji

rainy season

medʐəχu

bu keqi

brusque

məl

qiang

gun – an old style hunting rifle

məl

qiang

gun - warfare

məl dəwe

zhanshi, shoushang

battle, wounds

məl əqʰu

kai qiang

to shoot with a gun

məlæ

kao

to roast

melu di

tan hua

to talk

melu di

xiantan

to chat

melu di

liaotian

to gossip

melu di

shuohua

speak, chat

melu mædi

bushuohua

keep quiet

mepetʂe

mohu

blurred, ambiguous, vague, unceatain

mepi

guoshi

fault

mepi

buxing

misfortune

məʁəʑi tʰɑɕue

yuji

rainy season

məʁʑi

yu

rain

məʁʑi bəʰ

dayu

heavy rain

məʁʑi dæʁəʥi

xiayu

it rains

məʁʑi əȵi

linyu

to get drenched by the rain

məʁʑi gən bəʴ

zhouyu

shower

məʁʑi mæʁəʥipi

qingyu

sudden shower with the sun shining

məʁʑi χətʂɑ

xiaoyu

drizzle

məs

kongqi

air

məsæq

yangguang

sunshine, sunlight

məʂkæ

mimi

secret

məst

yanzhu

eyeball

mət qu ʂəm

dai yanjing de ren

person who wears glasses

metʰi məʴjəʴ

dayue, yuemo

about, approximately

mətsæ

chunji

spring, springtime

mətʂɑ

wenrou

meek

metsæχsu

nankan, chou

ugly looking

mətsem

tongkong

pupil

mety

chongtu, zhuang

clash into, collide with

məχʂ

yangou

secretion in the eye

məxu̥ tʂʰɑ

xun

to smoke

mezdi

mang

busy

mezdi tʂuzdi

jinji

on the verge of

mezdis muxu

zhending

calm

mezdis muxu

bu huang bu mang

at ease

məzeʂqu̥

dahulu

snoring, snore

meʐgi

bing hao

to get well

mezi

bu haochi, nanchi

it tastes bad, unsavory

məzi tutuɑ

da keshui

to doze

məziqu sel

mengyou

to sleepwalk

məziqu tʂu

shuo menghua

to talk in sleep

meʨʰi

xihan

to value, to regard as rare

məȵi

dan

flavorless, insipid

meʨʰi ȵi

xingkui

fortunately

məʴx

shuang

frost

mi

renmin

people

mi

ren

human being, person, man, one

mi

ren

human being, person, man, one

mi

renmen

people

mi stəku̥ nɑ

(ren) shufu

(person) comfortable, easy

mi æ

yi ge ren, dandu

alone

mi bəʴ

daren, chengren

adult, grown-up

mi dɑqʰuɑ

yanxie

cross-eyed

mi dætsæ

renhe ren

any one

mi dʐɑ

guaidai (xiaohai)

to kidnap

mi ɦɑwəm

baijiazi

son who ruins the family

mi ɦəʴstu susuɑ

beidili suanji ren

to tell tales of, to play trick on

mi jytʰɑχ

bieren

others

mi kuty

renti

human body

mi mɑnɑ tʰɑχ mimie

zhao bieren de guoshi

to look for other's faults

mi mɑnɑ tʰɑχ ʐo qəʴ

ai jiang renjia duanchu

like to tell tales of others

mi mɑŋtɑ kudɑ qəʴ

ai guan xianshi

nosy

mi mɑsuɑ

wakuren

to ridicule sarcastically or in disguise

mi mɑsuɑ

miaoshi, kanbuqi

scorn, make a fool of, look down

mi ɤənətʂ

liang ge ren

both, two people

mi pəʴ

juren

giant

mi qəti

sha ren

to murder

mi ʁun

yanjiao

corners of the eyes

mi tʰɑtʂ ʁɑ ʁuɑm zæ

you ren bang mang ta

sentence with verbal complement (eg. there is someone helping him)

mi təkʰuəʴ

dezuiren

to offend people

mi tsæ

you ren

someone

mi tʂʰətʂʰə

ren ji

crowded with (people)

mi xsətʂ

san ge ren

three people

mi χuɑm

guaizi

kidnapper

mi ʨʰuem

qiangdao

robber

miɑ metse

kanbuqi

to look down upon

miapi

pi, pifu

skin

mielu medi

chenmo guayan

taciturn

miese

jiaogen

heel

mieʐgy

henji

trace

mimi

yanjing

eyes

mimi dəχʨue

xiezhe yan kan

to look sideway

mimi hɑtʂuɑ

deng yan

to gaze fixedly

mimi ɦəʨe

bi yan

to close the eyes

mimi mɑnɑpi

laohuayan

farsighted

mimi modʐu

yan hua

eyesight blurred

mimi ʁuɑtʂɑ

yankuang

eye socket

mimi səʨe

mizhe yan

to half-close the eye

mimi səʨe

kui kan

to peep

mimi tətʂɑ

zheng yan

to open the eyes

mimi tsʰuɑte

zha yan

to blink

mimi χuste

yanpi tiao

involuntary motion of the eyelid, twitching of the eye

mimi ʐæpi

yanpi

eyelid

mimi ʐæpi bətsi

danyanpi

single eyelid

mimi ʐæpi lə

shuangyanpi

double eyelid

mimie

zhao

to look for, to search

minmie

mosuo

to grope in the dark

minʨʰo

minzu

tribe, race

mipʰi

yanbai

white of the eye

miʁɑ

dui ren

activities towards people

miʂkəm

jiemao

eyelash

mitæ

renjia

other people, I

mitsʰuɑ

xiangcun

village

miwəʴ

weida

great

mizu̥ qəʴ

shuo xianhua

to gossip

mog ʐmuʂ

zaoshen

God of the Kitchen

moŋ

meimao

eyebrow

monmɑ

tumo

to paint, to smear

mopi

xie

to wither

mopʰulu

pianyi

cheap

moqu

yonggan

courageous, brave, valiant

moʁu

feng

wind

moʁu

lihai

cruel, miserable, severe

moʁu̥

jue

bracken

moʁu dɑt

zhongfeng

brain hemorrhage, stroke

moʁu dəwəʴ

(feng) chui

(wind) to blow

moʁu mowepi

(feng) ting

the wind stops

moʁu qəi

fengsheng

rumour

moʁu wəʴ

guafeng

the wind blows

moʁutʂɑ

tuique

to decline

mosupi

tuixue

to give up attendance at school

moty

an, heian

obscure, dark

moty

xia

blind

moχu ɦɑqɑ

kexi

regret

mu

lei

thunder

mu bəʴ

da huo

big fire

mu əχuɑ

tian hei le

night falls

mu gəʴ

yintian

cloudiness, cloudy weather

mu pʰə

sheng huo

to make a fire

mu pʰəs

bahuoguan (chuihuotong)

blowing pipe for kindling

mu ʂəgɑ

qingtian

fine weather

mu təjikue

tian han

drought

mu təpʰudʐu

poxiao

daybreak

mu təsu

tian liang le

the day breaks, open over

mu təsu

tianliang, liming

dawn

mu χətʂɑ

xiao huo

small fire

mu zədɑ

huoyan

flame

mu ʑue

dian huo

to light a fire, to kindle

mugu

zhu

bamboo

mugu

deng

light

mugu ɑʂpe

guan deng

to turn off the light

mugu dəʐge

kai deng

to turn on the light

mugu səxɕepi

zhumie

bamboo splints

mul dʐə

changqiang

lance, spear

mun

taiyang

sun

mun dʐə

pushai

to sun

mun əsy tʰæxɕæ

xi

west

mun hɑχsue

riluo

the sun sets

mun lɑpɑ

xiangrikui

sunflower

mun tʰæpæ

chu taiyang

the sun rises

mun tʰæpæ

richu

sunrise

mun təlu tʰæxɕæ

dong

east

mupɑ

leng (tianqi, *dongxi)

cold

mupɑ tsʰɑ

jipigeda

to have goose flesh

muqəß

zao

furnace, oven

muqəß jeʐəß

zaoyan

fire hole in a kitchen range

mus deɸ

tu qi

to breathe out

mus heqi

hu qi

to breathe in

mus mogu

chuan qi

to pant

mus qiqi

huxi

to breathe

musɑ

dangpu

pawnshop

musq əpe

puzhao

to shine

mutis

caihong

rainbow

mutʂɑ

ruan, rouruan

soft

mutʂɑ

nen

tender

mutsi

duan

(of length) short

mutu

tiankong

sky

mutu

tianguo

Heaven

mutu æxɕæ

tianbian

horizon

mutu ʐmuʂ

laotianye

god

mutudʐɑ

anwei

to comfort

mux

yan

smoke

mux

xun

to smoke

mux

yan

tobacco

muʐəgu

da lei

it thunders

muʑi

mutan

charcoal

nɑ

hao

good

nɑ

hao, xing

all right

nɑ

laohao

gentle, mild

nɑ lu

youli

advantageous

nɑ tʰɑtʂɑ

haochu

good points

nɑj

meili

beautiful, fine

nɑlu

jixiang

auspicious

nɑlus

gongxi

to congratulate, Congratulations!

nɑnɑ

haohaorde

state of being well

nɑnɑ ʐgi

xibing

sickness of pregnancy

nɑpi

taiping

peace

nɑqɑ

mei

every

nɑʁu

wuya

crow

nɑxɕæ

you (mianr)

right (side)

nɑxɕe

youshou

right-hand

nɑχtʂe

lao

to fish out

nɑʐ

fenbie

separately, distinguish

nɑʐ

biede

else, other

nə

shuijiao

to sleep

nək

erduo

ears

nək əʁu

erzhuizi

ear lobe

nək jeʐu̥

erkong

aperture of the ear

nək tsʰæχʂ

ergou

soft secretion of the ear

nəku̥

zhentou

pillow

nəku̥ bu

longzi

deaf person

nəku̥ jeʐ

chuan er

to pierce the ear lobe

nəku̥ mænpi

erduo long

deaf

nəku̥ pele

erhuan

earring

nəku̥ tʂus

zhen (zhentou)

to lean on a pillow

nəl

daocaochuangdian

mattress made of rice-stalks

nələ

juan (xiuzi)

to roll up the sleeves

nəm

zanmei, chengzan

to praise

nəm

biaoyan

Play, perform

nəp

qunian

last year

nəpiɑ

zhidao

to know

nəpiɑ

mingbai

to be clear, to understand

nəquəʴ

dun

to squat

nəquəʴ

weiweisuosuo de

in a timid manner

nəs

zuotian

yesterday

nəʂ

chuang

bed, bedstead

nəʂ

chuangpu

bedding

nəʂ pʰupʰɑ

pu chuang

to make the bed

nəʂ ʂqul

xia chuang

to get out of bed

nəʂ tɑʨɑq

shang chuang

to get into bed

nəʂɑ bu!

shuijiao ba!

imperative sentence (eg. do sleep )

nətʂtæ

shuang fang

both

nəχsu

wang qian jin

to advance

nəʑi mæʁəze

zuotian wanshang

yesterday evening, last night

nəʐu̥

gaozhuang

to sue

nəʐu̥

shenchi, chize

to scold

nəʐu̥

susong

suit

nəʐu̥

kongsu

appeal

nikəbəl

zhiye

occupation

ŋu

shi

to be, is, are

ŋu

shi, shide

yes (positive answer)

ŋu

shuyu

belong to

ŋu qɑ mæʨʰæ

shi, wo bu yao

positive answer to negative tag-question (yes, I don’t want (it)

ŋu qɑ ʨʰɑ

shi, wo yao

positive answer to positive tag-question (yes, I want (it))

ŋu tʰɑtʂ qɑ sə

shi, ta renshi wo

positive answer to positive particle-question (yes, he knows me.)

ŋu bɑ tʰɑtʂ qɑ mɑs

shi ya, ta bu renshi wo

positive answer to negative particle-question (yes, he doesn’t know me.)

ŋu ʑæ

daodi

genuine, typical

ŋus ŋutʂ

zhengdang

seemly

ŋutʂ

jiushi~ye

though, although

ŋutʂ

jiangu, queshi

firm, stable

ŋuze

yinyuan, dayang

silver dollars

ɤdʐə

shenyin

to moan

ɤdʐə

ling

bell

ɤənəkʰi

er bai

two hundred

ɤənəq

eryue

February

ɤənəq mə dæmæʁʑi ɕi kʰəʴ ɦəkuəʴj

yinwei liang ge yue mei xia yu, dao dou si le

sentence with cause clause (eg. because it had not rained for two months, the rice plants all died)

ɤənəstu̥

liang qian

two thousands

ɤənəsu

nian, ershi

twenty

ɤənəsutʂ

di ershi (ge)

twentieth

ɤənəxɕæ tɑʁɑ

liang pang, liang bian

both sides

ɤənəʴ

er

two

ɤəp zəχʂ

jin bengbeng de

taut

ɤəʐ

tuzi

rabbit

ojy

fang (tiaoweiliao)

to put in (ingredients)

oku

jiufu

mother's brother

ɤlɑpi qutʂ

benshoubenjiao

clumsy

ɤləq

leishui

tears caused by smoke, etc.

ɤləq

yanlei

tears

ɤləq lu

liu yanlei

to shed tears

ɤli

ji

accumulate, be piled up

oŋ

renren

everyone, all

oŋ

dou, quan, yiqie

all

oŋ

tongtong

entirely

oŋ

yigong, zonggong

all together, total

oŋ

yiqi

in unison, together

oŋ

wanquan

wanquan

oŋ

quanti

whole

oŋ

quan, wanquan

entirely, completely, all

oŋ tʰɑχ

jixu

to continue

ɤolu

meimei (zhicheng)

younger sister (quoting term)

ɤolu ʨiɕuq

meifu

younger sister's husband

opu

gonggong (duicheng)

husband's father (address term)

opu

gonggong (zhicheng)

husband's father (quoting term)

opu

shubo

paternal uncles

opu

bofu (duicheng)

father's elder brother (address term)

opu

bofu (zhicheng)

father's elder brother (quoting term)

opu

shufu

father's younger brother

opu

gufu

father's sister's husband

opu

yuefu (duicheng)

wife's father (address term)

opu

zhangren (zhicheng)

wife's father (quoting term)

opu

yifu

mother's sister's husband

osu

suo

to lock

ow

nainai (duicheng)

paternal grandmother (address term)

ow

waipo (duicheng)

maternal grandmother (address term)

ow

waipo (zhicheng)

maternal grandmother (quoting term)

ow

laotaipo

old woman

ow kɑlɑnpɑ

pugongying

dandelion

ow ȵæ ɑpæ

zhangbei

senior generation

ow ȵæ ɑpæ

fumu

parents

ow ȵi æpæ tsi ȵi tʂæ

fumu he zinyu

parents and children

owŋ

hehuo

to go into partnership

ɤzə

guan, guanyuan

officer

ɤzə

la

pepper-hot, pungent

ɤʐe

xifan, zhou

rice gruel, congee

ɤʐə

hui (yingwen)

to be capable of

ɤʐə

neng, hui, keyi

can, be possible

ɤʐə

gou

be sufficient, be enough

ɤʐəbu

gu

drum

ɤʐəbu tsʰuɑti

dagu

to hit the drum

ɤʐəkuts ʁɑ akuts

si fen zhi yi

quarter, one fourth

ɤʐəmæsæ

jiaohougen

heel

ɤʐəq

siyue

April

ɤzeʁuɑʴ

chibang

wing

ɤzeʁuaʴ tədze

jian chibang

to clip the wings

ɤʐəsu

sishi

forty

ɤʐətʂ

fang

square

ɤʐətʂ

sifang

a square

ɤʐəʴ

si

four

ɤzu

jia

to take a husband

ɤʐu

tongyangxi

girl brought up in the home of her fiance

ɤʐu

changgong

regular employee of a farm

ɤʐu dæʐ

bei gu

to be employed

ɤʐu qʰu

da ba

to shoot the target

ɤzu tʰɑs

jiehun de rizi

wedding day

ɤʐue

yongren

household servant

ɤʐum

puren

servant

ɤʐuqəpu̥

gu

to hire, to employ

ɤʐuqəpu̥m

shouguren

employee

ɤʐus

shengxiao

zodiac sign

ɤʐutse

qing

light

pæ

ya

sprout

pɑ

cu

thick (eg. thread)

pɑ

dun, bujian

blunt, dull

pɑ

cu

rough(eg. ), coarse

pʰɑ

shai, shaigan

to sun (clothes), to dry

pʰæ dʐuχu

yangpi beixin

sheepskin vest

paɕi

chizhe jiao

barefooted

pɑɕi

guangjiao

barefooted

pʰɑdʐe

(ji) fan shiwu

(chicken) to scratch the feed

pʰæj

zhipai

cards

pʰæj ʁzətʂu

wan zhipai

to play card game

pɑnɑ

jiaju, qiju

furniture, tools

pɑnɑ

jiaju, shebei

furniture, furnishing

pɑnɑ

jiaju

furniture

pɑnɑ

gongju

tools

pɑnɑ

xingli

luggage

pɑnɑ

baofu

bundle wrapped in cloth

pɑnɑ

wenju

stationery

pɑnɑ

liwu

gift, present

pɑnɑ

dongxi

thing

pɑnɑ

wuzhi

matter, material

pɑnɑ

caichan

property

pɑnɑ

canju

tableware

pɑnɑ ləlɑ

huan (dongxi)

to exchange, to replace

pɑnɑ aʁdʐe

jie (xingli)

to unpack (luggage)

pɑnɑ bələm

gongren

factory worker

pɑnɑ ɕiɕi

dian huo

to check goods

pɑnɑ dxue

xia huo

to load goods

pɑnɑ təxtæ

da (xingli)

to pack (luggage)

pɑnɑ təxtʂə

shang huo

to unload goods

pɑnɑ χsu

songli, zengsong

to send presents, to present

pɑnɑ χuɑs

shangdian

shop

pɑnɑ χuɑs dɑʐgæ

kai puzi

to open a shop

pæntə

dengzi

stool

pɑpi

jiaodi

sole of the foot

pʰɑʂ

nyu shengzhiqi

vulva (common term), pubes, pudenda

pʰɑʂ

nyu shengzhiqi (yinyu)

vulva (euphemistic term)

pʰɑstæ

zhua

to claw

pʰɑste

zhua

to claw, to clutch

pʰætæ

fengxiang

bellow

pʰɑti

yao (qian)

to shake (divination tallies)

pɑtʂ

yuanquan, quanzi

circle

pʰɑts

chuan

ship, boat

pʰɑts xue

hua chuan

to row a boat

pʰɑtsə

maojin (xi lian yong)

washcloth

pʰɑu

pao

cannon

pæχɕæ qʰu

tongqing

sympathize

pɑχu

jiaobei, jiaomian

instep

pɑχu

jiaobozi

ankle

pə

mai

to buy, to purchase

pə

sui

year old

pə

nian

year

pʰə

zhouwen

wrinkle

pʰə

chui

to blow

pʰə

jiazhi

price, cost

pʰə

fangfa

manner, process, method, way

pʰə læ

banfa, sheji

device

pə le

runnian

leap year

pe səʐmi

li

pear

pə χuɑ

maimai

trade

pʰəl

sou shen

to search the person

pʰəlæ

gaoxing

glad, rejoice

pʰəm

(fan) sou

(rice) bad

pʰəm

sou

(of cereals) musty smell

pʰəq

shi

wet, damp

pʰəq

shi

become dump

pəs

jintian

today

pəs ȵæty pəs ʐguty

jintian ji hao? jintian chujiu

noun phrase-predicate sentence (eg. what day is today? Today is 9th of the month)

pəsu

jintian zaoshang

this morning

pət

hai

still

pət

xiandai

modern times, contemporary age

pəxs

xinnian

New Year

pəʑi

jinye

tonight

pəʑi mæʁəze

jintian wanshang

this evening

pʰəʴ

shao

to burn, to blaze

pʰəʴ

xin

letter

pʰəʴ

chui koushao

to whistle

pʰəʴ

fazi

method, way

pʰəʴ jɑʴ

xie xin

to write a letter

pʰəʴ ləɤz

xinzhi

stationery

pəʴ qəpɑ

yemianhua

wild cotton

pʰəʴ stɑ

ji xin

to mail a letter, to send

pəʴpi

da le

to be grown up

pəʴpi

yizi

adopted son

pəʴpi tʂe

yangzi

foster son

pi

bi

pen, writing brush

pi

fenbi

chalk

pi

gangbi

pen

pi

qianbi

pencil

pi sues ʥæʐ

xiaobidao

pencil sharpener

pie

hai

12th earthly branch

pie tsətse

(zhu) fan ni

to root

pie pies

zhurou

pork

pie qəputʂ

(zhu, niu) nao

(pork, beef) brain

pie səxɑ

(zhu) gan

(pork) liver

pie stəχuɑ

(zhu) du

(pig) stomach

pie stəʐmi

(zhu, niu) xin

(pork, beef) heart

pie tsətsæ

zhujuan

pig's pen

pie tsʰunpʰɑ

(zhu) fei

lungs

pie zədua

zhuyou

lard

pie zəq

(zhu) shetou

(pork) tongue

pie ʥoqo

zhujiao

pig's feet

pieke

(gong) zhu

pig

piel

xiaozhu

shoat, piglet

pies

rou

flesh

pies pə

mai rou

to buy meat

pietsu

larou

dried salted meat, cured pork

pietsʰu

(mu) zao

(wood) mildewed and spoilt

piew

zhuzong

pig's bristles

pieχu

yezhu

wild boar

piexue pietsu

feirou

fat meat

piezəme

muzhu

sow

piq

lixi

interest

pis

chengwei

to be, to become

pʰit

bai

white

pʰiʨʰi

piqi

temper

pʰiʨʰi mɑnɑ

piqi huai

bad-tempered

poχtʂu

ti

to kick

pu ʨy

xue

snow

pu dətsʰu

xuebeng

snowslip, avalanche

pu əʐ

hua xue

the snow melts

pʰu tsɑʐgu xɕæq mowepi

zhe ke shu meiyou yezi

negative declarative sentence (eg. this tree does not have any leaves)

puk

lan

basket

puk təχse

ti lan

small hand basket

pʰukæ

pugai

quilt

pʰulu

gui

expensive

pʰulus

baobei

treasure

pʰum bəχtʂe

fa meiwei

musty smell

pʰum dewe

fa mei

to mildew

pʰuq

shu

tree

pʰuq

shumu

trees

pʰuq kɑpɑ

shugen

root

pʰuq ʂqæʴ

shugan

tree trunk, stem

pʰuq tsup

shuzhi

sap

pʰuq ʐæʴpi

shupi

bark

pʰus

senlin

forest

putʂ

duqi

navel

pʰuts

niupan

loops for button

pʰuts dæpæ

jie kouzi

to unbutton

pʰuts jeʐu̥

niukou

button

pʰuts kətʂu

ding niu

to sew on button

pʰuts kutsue

kou kouzi

to button

putʂ səky

qidai

umbilical cord

putsæȵi

cai

then and only then

putsæȵi

ganggang

just now

putsæȵi

gangcai

just a while ago

pʰutslɑpɑ

huaniu

frog button

pʰutʂu

bianpao

firecrackers

pʰutʂu qi

fang bianpao

to crack firecrackers

pʰuwɑ

fushi

clothing

pʰuwɑ

yifu

garments

pʰuwɑ

yifu

clothes, clothing

pʰuwɑ ɕipɑ gum ælæ tʰæti qɑ sɑχtʂə ŋu

chuan hong yifu de xiaohai shi wo meimei

relative clause sentence (eg. the child who wears a red dress is my sister)

pʰuwa dɑmutse

(yifu) suo

(clothes) to shrink

pʰuwɑ dəbi

(yifu) po

(clothes) torn

pʰuwɑ jeʐ dəwe

(yifu) you podong

(clothes) with holes

pʰuwa jije

zuo yifu

to make clothes

pʰuwɑ jije

yiliao, fengyi

fabrics, clothes-making, cleaning, etc.

pʰuwɑ jijem

caifeng

tailor

pʰuwɑ ləlɑm

gengfu

watchman

pʰuwa təlɑ

huan yifu

to change clothes

pʰuwɑ χqɑ

xi yifu

to wash (clothes)

pʰuwɑ ʨenu xʂə

yifu zai nar?

where is the clothing?

pʰuxɕɑq xsə dewe

zhang xin yezi

to bud (new leaves)

pʰuxɕy

yeshou

wild animal, wild beast

pʰuxɕy

liewu

booty, game

pʰuxɕy les

shouxue

beast's cave

pʰxɕɑq

yezi

leaf

pʰχu

lingzi

collar

pʰχu

yijin

lapel

qɑ

hua

slippery

qɑ

nianhua

slimy

qɑ

wo

'I' PRO 1st sg.

qɑ dæmælə qəs nə təbələ wɑ

dao … weizhi (ni jixu zuo, dao wo lai weizhi)

until (eg. Keep working until I came)

qɑ dətʂʰə tʰɑχʂə dɑʐbɑ ȵi ʐmuxqe mæqæ pie

wo pao de lei de bu neng dong

sentence with extent complement (eg. I ran so much he is too tired to move)

qɑ dzəku̥ mɑχʂ

meiyou (wo meiyou qian)

have not (eg. I have no money)not, nonexistent

qɑ dʐəs pəiʨin dən kɑ

wo shi qiantian dao de Beijing

cleft sentence (eg. it is the day before yesterday that I arrived in Peking)

qɑ ku ʁɑ æxɕæ dɑɤʐʨʰi

wo fen gei ni yi ban

indirect-object sentence (eg. I divide and give you a half)

qɑ kʰu ʁɑ gən quɑ

wo hen pa gou

simple declarative sentence with middle verb (eg. I am very much afraid of dogs)

qɑ kutse ȵi

zhao (zhao wo kan)

according to

qɑ kuty mæqəʴ

(wo kan bu jian)

cannot (eg. I cannot see)

qɑ moŋ ti oŋ kə

chule ….yiwai(chule wo yiwai, dajia dao qu le)

except for (except for me,everyone has gone out)

qɑ næ tʰɑtʂ oŋ kəmæ

wo he ta yiqi qu

I and he go together

qɑ pʰuwɑ tsæʐg mælæ jo ɑʐg xʂə

chule ….yiwai(chule zhejian yifu, wo hai you yijian)

except for (except for this clothes, I have another one)

qɑ ʁuɑ piæ ȵi mæʨy pie

wo zhiyou wukuaiqian

I only have five yuan.

qɑ sæl mæqəʴ pie ʨo mæ!

wo shi zou bu dong ma!

emphatic sentence (eg. it is that I can't walk!)

qɑ sel daʐbɑ

…de (wo zou de lei le)

extent complement marker (eg. I walked to such an extent that I was tired)

qɑ stə dzɑ

wo zai chifan

I am having meal

qɑ tæq guəʴ ʁɑ kə dæ

ta yiqian dang guo bing

simple declarative sentence with classificatory verb (eg. he has been a soldier formerly)

qɑ tæq ku ʁɑ xsəpie dəɤʐ ʨʰi

wo xian gei ni san kuai qian

indirect object construction (eg. I give you three dollars first)

qɑ tʰɑtʂ næw kəmæ

wo gen ta qu

I go with him

qɑ tʰɑtʂ ʁɑ pʰuwɑ ɑʐg dɑʐ tʂɑ

wo gele ta yijian yifu

I gave him clothes

qɑ tʰɑtʂ tæ kutʂ ɑnwɑ təbəlɑ

wo gei ta zuo jigecai

I made a few dishes for him.

qɑ tɑwɑ ʨænə xʂə ʨæ

wo de maozi zai nar?

sentence with possessive expression (eg. where is my hat?)

qɑ tənpɑ

wo jue de leng

sentence with verbal complement (eg. I feel cold)

qɑ tʰiæʂ næ kəs

wo shenme shihou zou?

question-word question (eg. when am I leaving?)

qɑ tʂʰɑ tʰə mæ mɑ ɕi tʰə mæ

wo huozhe he cha huozhe he jiu

disjunctive sentence (eg. I either drink tea or wine)

qɑ tsɑxɕe

wofang

ally

qɑdu

zengzumu

great-grandmother

qɑdu

zumu (zhicheng)

paternal grandmother (quoting term)

qæiwɑ

toujin

head scarf

qɑp

tanzi

earthenware jar

qɑp ʁɑ kutsæ le

tanzile you suancai

there are pickled Chinese cabbage in the earthern jar

qɑpɑ

zengzufu

great-grandfather

qɑpɑ

zufu (zhicheng)

paternal grandfather (quoting term)

qɑpɑtʂ ʐæpi

toupi

dandruff

qɑqɑ

xique

magpie

qɑʁɑ

qichu, dangchu, shouxian

at first

qɑʁɑ tʰætuæ

(diyi) ci

(first) time

qʰɑs

qiang

wall, fence

qʰɑs ʁɑ didi

pa qiang

to climb a wall

qɑʂ tʰɑtʂ təti tʂæ

wo da le ta

I hit him

qʰɑs tiku̥

bi (limian de)

inner wall

qɑtæ

wo de

possessive pronoun, mine

qɑtæ ætʂæ

wo gege

possesive marker (eg. my brother)

qɑtæ pʰuwɑ

wo de yifu

possesive marker (eg. my clothes)

qɑtæ pʰuwɑ tʰæ

wo de najian yifu

that piece of clothing of mine

qɑtæ pʰuwɑ tʰæ xsəzg

wo de nasanjian yifu

those three pieces of clothing of mine

qɑtæ ʥipɑ

wo de shou

possesive marker (eg. my hand)

qæʴ

touding

top of the head

qæʴ mele

tutou

bald-headed, bouldness

qæʴ mele

zhang lai

to have the mange

qæʴ mele

tuzi

bald-headed person

qaȵi

ziji

self, oneself

qɑȵi

ziji

self

qə le

runyue

intercalary month

qəgu̥

zhongxun

middle ten days of a month

qəj

shengyin

voice

qəj

yin

sound

qəj

shengyin

sound, noise

qəj hɑmolu

bu zuo sheng

to be silent

qəj moʁupi

sangzi ya

to be hoarse

qəj qule

chao, nao

noisy

qəj tʰɑnpə

wangnian

(in) former years

qəj χtʂɑ

xiao sheng

soft voice

qəl

xiamian

below

qəl

xia

desend

qəl-lə

yixia

(from) below, less

qəm moty

xiazi

blind person

qəndə kʰuəʴ

ti guangtou

to shave the head bald

qəpɑtʂ ɑlpe

di tou

to droop the head

qəpɑtʂ gən nɑ

jingming

smart but conceited

qəpɑtʂ hɑʐgu

hui tou

to turn the head

qəpatʂ kʰælæ

shu tou

to comb the hair

qəpɑtʂ kʰuem

lifashi

barber

qəpɑtʂ kʰuəʴ

ti tou

to shave the head

qəpɑtʂ nɑ

congming

clever, smart

qəpɑtʂ nɑ

jiling

quick, smart

qəpɑtʂ pʰɑti

yao tou

to shake the head

qəpɑtʂ ʁɑ

dingshang

the top

qəpɑtʂ ʁuete

dian tou

to nod

qəpɑtʂ tətsi

tai tou

to raise the head

qəpɑtʂ tiq kuʂ

ding zai toushang

to carry on the head

qəpɑtʂ χqɑ

xi tou

to shampoo the hair

qəpɑtʂ xue

niu tou

to turn around (the head)

qəpɑtʂ xuəʴjəʴ

tou yun

to feel dizzy

qəpɑtʂ ʐgi

toutong

to have headache

qəpɑtʂ ʐgi

toutong

headache

qəpətʂ

tou

head

qəqɑ

jiaohua

cunning

qəs

xiangsi

resemble, like

qəs æjæ

zhengye

whole night

qəs we

haoxiang, sihu

seemingly, seems to

qəsəʂpu

jiandao

scissors

qəsiʂpuʂ ləɤz dədze

yong (yong jiandao jian zhi)

instrumental marker (eg. to cut paper with a pair of scissors)

qəst

yan (lu), yanzhe

along (the street)

qəst

zhixian

straight line

qəst kəʂ

zhengli

to put in order, to arrange

qəst kutse

miaozhun

to aim at

qəst mɑŋu

bu zhengqi

(person) untidy

qəstɑ

tougou

dandruff

qəstɑ

hounaoshaor

back of the skull, occiput

qətʰeze

jinliang

as much as possible

qəti

zhan

to cut in two

qətʂu̥

sai (pingzi)

to cork

qətu mi

chengliren

townpeople

qəuŋ

toufa

hair

qʰəw

da ge

to burp

qəwɑ

xiaxun

last ten days of a month

qəxs

shangxun

first ten days of a month

qəxue

yueliang

moon

qəxue æxʨe

yueya

crescent moon

qəxue ək

yueyuan

full moon

qəxue ʁʐɑ sədzə

yueshi

lunar eclipse

qəxueq

yueguang

moonlight

qəz

lian

face

qəz

sai, liandan

cheek

qəz le

tiaobo shifei

to incite to contention

qəz we

xiang

to resemble

qəz χqɑ

xilian

to wash face

qəzdəl

ji

woman's hair-do

qəzdəl tyty

shu ji

to dress up the hair

qʰəʴ

dami

hulled rice

qʰəʴ pə

mai mi, di mi

to buy rice

qʰəʴ χuɑ

mai mi, tiao mi

to sell rice

qəȵæ

naojiang, naozi

brain

qəȵimæqə

pinming

to risk one's life

qʰəʴs qi

zhuazir

to play jacks

qəʴtu

cheng, zhen

town

qəʴtu

chengli

within town

qəʴtu dɑʁʂɑ

guo jie

to cross the street

qəʴtu du

chengmen

city gate

qəʴtu kə

jin cheng

to go into town

qəʴtu kəʂɑ

shang jie

to go on the street

qəʴtu qʰɑts

chengqiang

city wall

qi

zhu, guan

pour

qo

gang

steel

qo

gangtie

iron and steel

qojɑʴ

pie zui

to wriggle the lips

qu

pa

fear, to be afraid of

qʰu

duji

to be jealous, to envy

qu meʨʰi

anquan

safe, sure, secure

qu təχtʂe ȵi kuʂ

shijing fangxia, dun

to put down rudely

qu ʨʰi

weixian

dangerous

quɑ

zhanshi

war

quɑ

haipa

be afraid, be scared, fear

qʰuɑ

xie

slanting, oblique

quɑʨʰi

beizi

covering

qulɑ

ti

instead of

qule

duo

many

qumeʨʰi

bu fangshi

harmless

qupi

(niao) shanang

gizzard

qupie

dou (yifu)

to carry in a shirt tail

qupu

zheng

earn

ququ

kuai, xunsu

quick, fast

ququ

mali

quick'-witted

ququ

lingqiao

skillful

ququ

ganjingliluo

clean and tidy

ququɑ

da zhang

to war, to fight

ququɑ

da jia

to fight

ququəʴ

gouzi

hook

ququəʴ

wan

crooked

quʁuɑʴ

yaoshi

key

qus mæzæ

sanman

distracted

qus we

kepa

terrible

qʰus we

taoyan

dislike, abominable

qʰus we

xian, yanwu

to dislike, to reject

qusti

langfei shijian

to while away time

qusu

suo

lock

qusu pɑsu

zhao, zhuazi

claw

qʰusy we

guai

to blame

quʥy

jiguan

cockscomb

quʨy

bianzi

pigtail

quʨy xqepie

bianbianzi

to plait the hair

ʁɑqe

keng (gutou)

to gnaw at a bone

ʁɑxɕæ

zuo (mianr)

left (side)

ʁdʐəs

zhijia

fingernail

ʁədʐə

xing

star

ʁədʐə qʰu

liuxing

meteor

ʁələ

laoying

hawk

ʁəlpi

shitou

stone

ʁəlpi

yanshi

rock

ʁəlpi

shizi

gravel

ʁəlpi bəʴ

dashitou

rock

ʁəlpi χətʂɑ

shitouzi

pebble

ʁənətsu̥

quan

spring

ʁəʁze

liang (mi)

to measure (rice)

ʁəʁze

liang (bu)

to measure (cloth)

ʁəʐ

putonghua

the common language

ʁəze

she

to shoot

ʁəzə

yu

fish

ʁəzə

yu

fish

ʁəzə tʰi

diaoyu

fishing

ʁəzəlɑ

youwan, wanr

game, play

ʁəʑi

qiangbao

violent

ʁəȵi

huangfeng

wasp

ʁəȵi

zhui

awl

ʁəȵi

zhuizi

borer, gimlet, awl

ʁəʴw

maque

sparrow

ʁlɑ

wan, chi

late

ʁlɑ

man

slow

ʁlɑ

chidun

slow and dull

ʁlɑȵi

guohui

soot of a pan

ʁlə

maizi

wheat

ʁlə ze

da maizi

to thresh

ʁləbæqæ

jiu

to clutch, to grasp with the hand

ʁlopie zdə

shijie

stone steps

ʁluʁlus

zeren

responsibility

ʁo

e

goose

ʁoje

jiao

to call

ʁoje

han

to shout, to cry

ʁoje

xiapingli

to send the betrothed presents

ʁoje

da zhaohu

to hail

ʁoje

xia qingtie

to send an invitation

ʁoje

chenghu

to call, to designate

ʁoje

shi, jiao

to cause, let s.o.

ʁoje

xingli, da zhaohu

greeting, salute

ʁoje

chenghu

to call, to designate

ʁolu tsʰuɑ

shibei

large stone tablet

ʁopu

shan

mountain, hill

ʁopu

shanya

precipice, cliff

ʁopu bæ

tongshan

hill without vegetation

ʁopu detsʰu

shan beng

landslide

ʁopu dʁʂɑ

xia shan

to descend from a hill, to climb down

ʁopu jəʴp

shandong

cave

ʁopu kɑː

shanjiao

foot of a hill

ʁopu kʰukʰue

pa shan

to climb a hill

ʁopu qɑ

shanding

peak, top

ʁopu təʁ

denggao

to ascend height

ʁopu təʁʂɑ

shang shan

to mount a hill, to climb a hill

ʁopu tiwu

shanbanyao

halfway up a mountain

ʁopu χətsɑ

xiaoshan

hill

ʁopu χopu

shangu

valley

ʁoʁo

feng

mad, out of one's mind

ʁoʁo

shenjing de

crazy

ʁoʁo tʂʰu

fa shenjing

hysterical

ʁoʂqu

xigai

kneecap

ʁosu̥

gui

to kneel

ʁosu̥

ke tou

to prostrate and knock the head on the ground

ʁu

hui (xia yu)

to be possible

ʁu

ken

to be willing

ʁu

yunxu

to admit, to grant, to allow

ʁu

zancheng

to approve

ʁu

yuanyi

wish, beg

ʁuɑgəß

xinshui

salary, pay

ʁuɑgəß

gongzi

wages

ʁuɑgəß dəɤʐ

fa xinshui

to issue salary

ʁuɑq

wuyue

May

ʁuɑsɑ

houzi

monkey

ʁuɑsɑ

shen

9th earthly branch

ʁuɑse

qiu

to beg, to ask, to request

ʁuɑsə

yaoqing

invite

ʁuɑsə

yao, yinyou

tempt, call for

ʁuɑsu

wushi

fifty

ʁuɑxɕe

zuoshou

left-hand

ʁuɑʴ

duan

satin

ʁuɑʴ

yaba

dumb person

ʁuɑʴ

wu

five

ʁuɑʴ lɑpɑ

huaduan

brocade

ʁuəʴ

chou

thin silk

ʁuəʴ

bangzhu

to help, to assist

ʁuəʴ

sha

dull, stupid

ʁuəʴsæ

qing

please

ʁun

jiao, jiaoluo

corner, angle

ʁun zəxue

guaiwan

to turn a corner

ʁuʁuəʴ

bangmang

to help

ʁuʁum

fengzi

mad person

ʁutæ

yao

to sway

ʁutʂɑ

wan

bowl

ʁwn

jiaoluo (wuzi de)

corner

ʁʐəbu

toufa xuanr

crown of the head

ʁʐəbu æki

danfaxuanr

single crown of the head

ʁʐəbu ɤənə

shuangfaxuanr

double crown of the head

ʁʐəmə ɕiɕi

dianming

row call

ʁʐəmə jɑʴ

baoming

to enroll, to register

ʁzəʁzə

wanr

to play

ʁzuzdi

gai wuding

to roof

ʁʥepie

kuaizi

chopsticks, fork

sæ

shaizi

sieve

sæ

rende

to recognize

sɑ

xue

blood

sɑ

ceng

floor

ʂɑ

xiu

to embroider

sɑ dəʂp

liu xue

to bleed

sɑ hɑpæ

chuxue

bleed

sɑ lu

yuejing

menstruation

sɑkɑ pɑl

xueguan

vein

sæl

zou

to leave, to go

sɑlɑ

laba

trumpet

sɑlɑ pʰəʴ

chui laba

to blow the trumpet

sæn

jianzi

shuttlecock

ʂɑn

guang

merely

sæn xi

tijianzi

to play the shuttlecock

sæq

shouwanzi

wrist

sæq

shoujie

knuckles

sæt

liandao

sickle

sɑtʂu̥

zimei

sisters

sæχʂ dəwe

hai liji

to have dysentery

sæχʂ dəwe

huoluan

to have cholera

sɑχtʂɑ

meimei (zhicheng)

younger sister (quoting term)

se

ti

(cock) to crow

se

shai

to sieve

se

sa

spill

sə

baozi

leopard

sə

muchai

firewood

sə

ran

to dye

sə

rizi

date

sə

tian, ri

day

sə

shei?

who?

sə ɑzd zæje ɑzd dʐɑ sti wɑ

shei yihuir ku yihuir xiao ya?

conjunctive sentence (eg. who cries at one moment and laughs at another?)

sə gəqu le ȵi sə pənɑ təχsi

shei liqi da shei na xingli

correlative sentence (eg. whoever has the greater strength will carry the luggage)

sə kəpu

shuzhuang

tree stump

sə lu

da penti, da tipen

to sneeze

sə ŋu

na (ge)?

which (one) ?

sə ŋun næ

shei ya?

question-word question (eg. who is it?)

sə stə

shao chai

to burn (firewood)

sə χuɑm

qiaofu

woodchopper

səɕue

xiao

to peel

ʂədɑ

yong, shiyong, liyong

to use, to utilize, to employ

səɸɑɸɑ

wen

lukewarm

səɸælɑŋ

luan

(things) disorderly

səɸælɑŋ

liaocao

disorderly (handwriting)

səiqəʴ

juzi

saw

səkəty

sijier

dead knot

səkʰəʴ

si (zhi)

to rip, to tear

səkʰue

shua

to brush

ʂəkup

xingxing

ape

sel

pa

to crawl, to creep

sel

gan lu

to hasten on

səl

zou lu

to walk on foot

səl

xing

will do

sel mɑnɑ

nanzou, qiqu

(road) rough

sel pʰə

lufei

travelling expenses

sələ

juan

to roll up

səli

re

hot

ʂənkʰɑŋ

jitan

altar

səntʰə

cuo (tuanzi)

to roll into a ball with the hands

səɤle

cuo

to rub between the hands

səɤle

rou (yifu)

to twist, to crush together in the hand (eg. clothes)

səɤle

cuo

massage

səɤʐ

mujiang

carpenter

səpæ

yaocai

herbs

səpæ

yaocai

herb, medicine

səpæ

yiyao

medicine and cure

səpæ

yao

medicine

səpæ æque

yi fu yao

dose of medicine

səpæ dzə

chi yao

to take medicine

səpæ munmɑ

tu yaoyou

to rub ointment

səpæ qəʴ

(yao) youxiao

(medicine) effective

səpæ səsɑ

pei yao

to make up a prescription

səpæ ʂqu

jian yao

to make a decoction

səpæ tʰə

he yao

to drink liquid medicine

səpæ χtʂes jɑʴ

kai fangzi

to prescribe medicine

ʂəpie

yinliao, yan

drinks, cigarettes

ʂəpie tʂʰə

chouyan

to smoke

səptsʰe

sa

to sprinkle, to scatter

səqʰəʴ

pikai, polie, nongsui

to crack, to smash

səqsæq

guanjie

joint

səqtɑ

ganbei

to empty the wine glass

ʂəqu

jinzi

gold

səqʰu nəqʰu

da qiuqian

to swing on a swing

səqʰuəʴ

zhe, yan, gai

to cover

səʁ

tun

to swallow

səʁzu̥

yan

swallow

səʁȵæ

ni (you)

fatty

səʂ

tao

CL (set)

səʂɑ

san

scatter

səsæ mi

shouren, renshi de ren

acquaintance

səste

qianzi

pincers

səsti

huoqian

fire tongs

sətæ

tiaoxuan

to select, to choose

səte

xuan … (zuo)

to elect (as)

səti

(shui) chong

(water) to wash

sətsʰæ

zhuang

to fill up, to load

sətsʰæ

zhuang

to install

sətsʰæ

jiaojinlai, zhuangru

to let s.o. to come in

ʂətsi nɑ

anle

joyful, at ease

sətʂu̥

mucai

timber, wood

sətʂu̥

mutou

wood

sətʂʰu

shen lanyao

to stretch (as when yawn)

sətu

pichaidao

firewood splitter

sətʴ

sai

stop up, choke up, block up

səw

xianglian

necklace

səw bəl

huichong

intestinal worm

səwe

duzi

tripe

səwe

duzi

belly

səwe kʰuəʴ

xieduzi

to have diarrhea

səwe ʐgi

duzitong

to have stomachache

səχɑ

gan

liver

səχʂ

shangdiao

to hang oneself

səχʂ

zisha

suicide

səxtʂ

sejin

to cram in tightly

ʂəχui

shehui

community

seχʐɑ

xiangchang

cured sausage

səzdue

gong

bow

səʐəmu

tie

iron

səʐkə

kan chai

to chop firewood

səʐmi

guozi

fruit, nut

səʐmi

shuiguo

fruits

səʐmi

shuiguo

fruits

səʐmi ʁuɑʐg ʁɑ ɤənəʐg dzə dəs

(wu ge pingguo chi le liang ge)

partitive, "ate two apples out of five"

səʐmi ʐæʴpi

guopi

peel

səʥy

saochu

cleaning

si

xizi

actor

si tsʰuɑ

yanxi

to act in a play

si tsʰuɑ

chang xi

to sing a role in opera

sits

xizi

mat, matting

ʂke

kao

to depend on

ʂkə

yikao

depend

ʂkelbu

fangliang

beam

ʂku

tou

to steal

ʂku

piaoliang

pretty

ʂku

mei

beauty

ʂku tʂum

pashou

pickpocket

ʂkum

xiaotou

thief

ʂkup melu

gushi

tale, story, narrative

ʂkup melu di

jiang gushi

to tell a story

ʂkuʂke

ying

hard

ʂkuʂke

(rou) ren

(meat) tough

ʂkuʂke

gangqiang

strong character

ʂkuxu̥

meng

fierce (of animals)

ʂkuʐtsʰɑ

cesuo

toilet

ʂkyʂkem

jiaotong, yunshu

transportation

ʂpɑqɑ hɑpe

zhang xuan

to have ringworm

ʂpe

kaozhe (hebian)

alongside (eg. river)

ʂpəl

xiao

Panpipes

ʂpəl

shen

kidneys

ʂpəl pʰəʴ

chuixiao

to play the Panpipes

ʂpetæ

xiuli

to repair, to mend

ʂpies tʰə

zuoyuezi

(woman after givinng birth) to be confined

ʂpuk

cangku

storehouse

ʂpus

qianzi

lot for divination

ʂpus təχtʂe

qiu qian

to draw lots before idols

ʂpusɑ

nong

pus

ʂpusɑ ɦɑtʂu̥

niang nong

to suppurate

ʂpuʂpɑ

yonggong

to be diligent

ʂpuʂpɑ

zhuanxin

concentrated

ʂpuʂpɑ

nuli

endeavour

ʂputsi

zhai

narrow

ʂqɑ

banjia

to move

ʂqɑtɑ

ban(yun)

to transport, to carry

ʂqɑtɑ

bandong

transfer

ʂqə

landuo

lazy

ʂqəj

ganzi, jing

stalk

ʂqu

zhu

to cook

ʂqu

zhu (yong shui zhu)

to boil

ʂqu

dun

to double boil, to stew

ʂqu

nan

difficult

ʂqu

jianku

distressing, hard

ʂqu

kunao, chi ku

to suffer, painful

ʂqu

kunnan

hard

ʂqu

zhu

to boil

ʂqu

fuza

complex, complicated

ʂquləß

re

to provoke

ʂquʂquɑ

dou

to tease

squtsʰi

jieba

person who stutters

ʂquʐ

shougua

to remain in widowhood

ʂquʐ

guafu

widow

stæ

datai

to procure abortion

stɑ

kuan

broad, wide

stɑ

kuandu

breadth, width

stɑbɑ

pigu

buttocks

stɑhĩ

bu chuan yifu, chi tiaotiao

to be naked

stɑhĩ

luoti

nudity

stæmæ

tudi

apprentice

stæmæ sum

shifu

master of a trade

stæxæ

houmian, houbian

back

stæxæ

xia (ge libai)

next

stæxæ

jianglai

in the future

stæxæ

houlai

later, afterwards

stæxæ tʰɑq

xia ge yue

next month

stæxe

di er (ge)

second

stæχqu

baitian

daytime

stə

zhaodai

to receive (visitor), entertain, treat

stə dzəsɑ

kai fan

to serve a meal

stə mæzpi

jueshi

fast

stə ojyʂɑ

sheng fan

to help (oneself) to rice, to serve rice in bowls

stə styq kutʂ χtʂɑ pies χkuskæ

fan you leng cai you shao rou you ren

conjunctive sentence (eg. the rice is cold and the vegetables are scanty and the meat is tough)

stə tsɑʁu dzə dəsən

(chi wan zhe wan fan)

terminative, "finish eating the rice "

stə tʂu

shaofan, pengtiao

to cook (rice), cooking

stə tʂum

chuzi

cook

stəi

futou

axe

stəj

fuzi

hatchet

stək lu

nengyuan

optatives

stək lu

qingyuan

to be willing to, to prefer

stək molu

bu yuanyi

not willing

stək nɑ

kuaile, yukuai

happy

stəku̥

xinqing

mind, feelings

stəku̥ mɑnɑ

bu shufu

do not feel well

stəku̥ mɑnɑ

weiqu

grievance

stəku̥ nɑ

kuaile, yukuai

pleasant, agreeable, casy

stəpɑ

xiangxin

to believe

stəpɑ

bawo

to grasp, to grip

stəpɑ

chongman

fill

stəq

bizi

nose

stəq

qiyue

July

stəq jeʐu̥

bikong

nostril

stəq pʰænpʰæq

bianbizi

flat-nosed

stəq təquəʴ

goubizi

crooked nose

stəq xtʂəxtʂə

bizi bu tong qi

to have a stuffy nose

stəʁueʴ tʰɑʂ

chuan niu bizi

to pierce the nose of a cow

stəsɑ

bixie

nosebleed

stəstə

wei

hello

stəsu

qishi

seventy

stəʂu̥ læ

keyide

suspicious, dubious

stexe tʰəɕi

wanbei

junior generation

stəχsu̥

danxin

to be worried

stəχsu̥

niantou

idea, thought

stəχsu meʨʰi

fangxin

to be free from anxiety, to feel relieved

stəχuɑ

wei

stomach

stəχuɑ

weikou

appetite

stəχuɑ ɑʐge

yi can fan

a meal

stəχus

fanguan

eating house, restaurant

stəze

fa chou

to be sad

stəze

fannao

vexed

stəze dɑwəʴ

beican

grievous, sad

stəʐimi

xin

heart

stəʐmæ

liangxin

conscience

stəʐmæ ɦəɕæ

ganxin

contented, willing

stəʐmæ χsute

gandong

to be moved

stəʐmæq χɕue

xinsi

intellectual faculties

stəʐmi

xin

heart, mind

stəʐmi bəʴ

danda

bold

stəʐmi bəʴ

danzida

bold, fearless

stəʐmi kuty mæqəʴ

yinxian

designing

stəʐmi le

youxin

considerate

stəʐmi mɑnɑ

canren

cruel

stəʐmi nɑ

xindi hao, houdao

kind

stəʐmi χsute

xin tiao

nervous, palpitating heart

stəʐmi χsutə

huangzhang

bewildered, in a fluster

stəʐmi χtʂɑ

danxiao

timid

stəʐmi zə

tanxin

greedy for money

stəʐmi ʐgi

xin bing

heart disease

stəʴ

qi

seven

sti ȵæ bæ

fufu, fuqi

husband and wife

stiq

baizi

tares

stiʥi dʐə

sangshi

funeral ceremony

stum

tongbao xiongdi

uterine brothers

stum

neixiong

wife's elder brother

stum

tangxiongdi

siblings of father's brothers, cousin

stum

biaoxiongdi

siblings of father's sisters, of mother's brothers and sisters, cousins

stum

muyangde

shepherd

stum se

jiebai

to swear brotherhood or sisterhood, to pledge in a sworn brotherhood

stum se

jiebai xiongdi

sworn brothers

stus

muchang

mcadow, pasture

stustuɑ

yao

to shake

stutəß

shihou

to attend on

sty

leng (dongxi)

cold

sty

bing

freeze

styq

leng (tianqi, *dongxi)

cold

su

ma

flax

su

xunlian

to train

su

xue, mofang

to imitate

su

xue, xuexi

learn

su

xunyang

tame

ʂu

ya

teeth

ʂu bəl sə dzə

zhuya

to have decayed teeth

su des

fangxue

to dismiss school

su dəwe

kaixue

school begins

su doɸu

taoxue

to play truant

su kuʁ

ruxue

to enter school

ʂu lɑ

huan ya

to discard milk teeth

ʂu stuɑ

baya

to remove teeth

su təχtʂe ʁoje

han jiuming

to call help !

ʂu χqɑ

shu kou

to rinse the mouth

ʂu χqɑs

shua ya

to brush teeth

suɑ

dang

to regard as

suɑ

suan

to count as

suɑsuɑ

cui

brittle, crunchy

ʂuɑtɑ

youxi, yule

games, entertainment

ʂuɑtɑ

youxi

game

sudy

houtian

day atrer tomorrow

sudy mæʁəze

houtian wanshang

day after tomorrow evening

sudʐu

liushu

willow

ʂuəʴ dzəq tʰægu̥

banye

midnight

ʂug

yachuang

the gums

suk

shangxue

to go to school

sukæ

weiba

tail

sukæ pʰti

yaowei

to wag the tail

sukə

(niu) wei

(ox) tail

sul

beidai

belt for carrying baby on the back

sul

shengsuo, suozi

ropes, cordage

sul

masheng

rope

suləm tʰɑtʂ mɑ piɑkj mɑ ʐo

na ge xuesheng bu shi duolan jiushi hunao

disjunctive sentence (eg. that student is either lazy or naughty)

suluʐ

jiao~liu

let flow

sum

xuesheng

student

suq

dongtian

winter

suq

dongji

winter, wintertime

suq mun hɑgu tʰɑs

dongzhi

winter solstice

sus

xuexiao

school

ʂus

nianji, suishu

age

ʂus χtʂɑ

(nianji) xiao

young in age

sus dzəku̥ dəɤʐ

jiao xuefei

to pay tuition

ʂus mælæ

nianqingren

youth

ʂus mele

xiaohuo(huo)zi

young man

ʂus mele

nianqing

young of age

ʂus mele dəʂe

yaozhe

to die young

susim

pian (qian)

to cheat

susuɑ

suan ming

to tell fortune

susuɑ

shangliang

to consult

susuɑ

suan

to calculate, to count

ʂut

gang (shuigang)

large open-mouthed jar

ʂutɑ

huodong

activities

suχɑ

kong

empty

suχɑ

kong

become vacant

ʂuzdu

menya

incisors, front teeth

suzu

mingtian

tomorrow

suzu mæʁəze

mingtian wanshang

tomorrow evening

sy

shengming

life

tæ

jieri

festival

tæ

jieling

festivals

tʰæ

na (ge)

that (one)

tæ qə

guojie

to observe festivals

tæ qə

guonian

to observe the New Year

tæ χtʂɑ

yuandan

New Year's Day

tʰɑitu

taidu

behavior, attitude

tʰɑndʐə

talia

the two of them

tʰændʐə æləʂ æləʂ ʁuʁuəʴ

tamen liang ge ren huxiang bangmang

sentence with reciprocal expression (eg. both of them helped each other)

tʰɑndʐə stə dzə

taliang zai chifan

the two of them are having meal

tæq

qianmian, qianbian

front

tæq

shang (ge libai)

previous

tæq

xian

first

tæq

yiqian (wo lai yiqian)

before (eg. before I came)

tæq ɑs

qian yi tian

previous day

tæq dəpi

zhuiguo

to take over

tæq gueʐ

laopengyou

intimate friend

tæq ʂə mɑu

conglai bu

so far never

tæq tʰæɕue

qian xie rizi

the other day

tæq tʰɑq

shang ge yue

last month

tʰɑqɑ

guo

to cross

tæqʰəʴ

lie

be broken

tæqtʰæ meje

qianrenzi

child of husband's former marriage

tæqti

qi

regular, uniform, even

tæʂky

dai, ling

bring with, be accompanied, lead

tʰɑsu

yao

waist

tʰɑsu dɑʐ

yao shan

to strain one's back

tætæ

fang

spin

tʰɑtʂ

ta

'he, she' PRO 3rd sg.

tʰɑtʂ

ta ne?

question with pro-form (eg. what about him?)

tʰɑtʂ ælæ səpæ dzə tʂəj

ta rang xiaohair chiyao

he let the child take medicine

tʰɑtʂ ælæ səpæ sədz tʂəj

ta rang xiaohair chi le yao

he let the child take medicine

tʰɑtʂ ɑtʂɑ ɑʂ tse

ta kan le yi kan ta gege

sentence with frequency expression (eg. he took a look at his brother)

tʰɑtʂ ɑtʂɑ ȵɑw nɑʐ nɑʐ hɑqɑj

ta gen ta gege fenbie chuqu le

sentence with conjoined noun phrases (eg. he and his brother went out separately)

tʰɑtʂ ætʂæʂ təzæ tʂəj

bei (ta bei gege da le)

passive marker (eg. he was hit by his brother)

tʰɑtʂ atʂɑʂ ʥoqo pɑhiʂ kuʂu̥ tʂəj

ta bei ta gege guangzhe jiao ti shang le

passive sentence with descriptive adverbial (eg. he was kicked injured barefooted by his brother)

tʰɑtʂ æʨue χsɑ æʨue mɑχsɑ

you shihou ... you shihou (ta you shihou bu guai you shihou guai)

sometimes … sometimes … (eg. sometimes he is naughty, sometimes he is good)

tʰɑtʂ ɕi stʰə ȵi qəpɑtʂ dəʂgi tʂəj

he he jiu he de zui le

sentence with extent complement (eg. he drank liquor so much he got drunk)

tʰɑtʂ dælə tʰɑzd ʁɑ tʰɑtʂ ɑtʂɑ tʂæ kəj

ta lai de shihou ta gege yijing hui jia le

sentence with time clause (eg. when he came, his brother had already gone home)

tʰɑtʂ dælə ȵi ɑzd ȵi mæpi kə

jiu (ta lai le, mei duojiu jiu zou le)

therefore, (eg.he came then he left )

tʰɑtʂ du kuʁɑ ȵi ʂə pənɑ səɤzi

ta yi jin men jiu reng dongxi le

correlative sentence (eg. as soon as he entered he threw things)

tʰɑtʂ dzəku̥ ku ʁɑ dəgʐ

ta ba qian jiao gei ni

executive sentence (eg. he handed the money to you)

tʰɑtʂ dzəku̥ miʂ təʂk tʂəj

ta gei ren tou le qianbao

passive sentence (eg. he was stolen of his wallet)

tʰɑtʂ dzəɤze

taq tui guo lai

he pushed over here

tʰɑtʂ dzəχsu

ta tiao guo lai

he jumped over here

tʰɑtʂ ətʂʰe

ta wang shuiyuan tui

he pushed to the source of a river

tʰɑtʂ gən mɑʁlɑ

ta bu shi feichang luosuo

negative sentence with adverb (eg. he is not extraordinarily chattering)

tʰɑtʂ gən χtʂɑ læ gən χsɑ

suiran (suiran ta hen xiao, danshi hen dongshi)

although (eg. although he is samll, he know well)

tʰɑtʂ hɑlu mæqəʴ

ta chu bu lai

negative potential sentence (eg. he can't come out)

tʰɑtʂ ɦɑn bɑ

ta yijing shui le

he went to bed.

tʰɑtʂ hɑt

ta tui chu lai

he pushed outward

tʰɑtʂ hɑχsu

ta tiao chulai

he jumped outward

tʰɑtʂ ɦɑχsu

ta wangxia tiao

he jumped downward

tʰɑtʂ ɦətʂʰe

ta wang xia tui

he pushed downward

tʰɑtʂ jo ətue dɑləj

ta you lai le

he came again.

tʰɑtʂ kə ʁəzpi tsæȵi qɑ ʁɑ ji

lin (ta lin zou de shihou cai gen wo shuo)

just before (eg. just before he left)

tʰɑtʂ kə ʁəzpi tsæȵi qɑ ʁɑ ji

chen (chen re chi)

while, taking the opportunity of (eg. eat while it is hot)

tʰɑtʂ ku mɑs lou

ta bu renshi ni ba?

negative particle-question (eg. he doesn't know you, I guess?)

tʰɑtʂ ku ʁɑ jo tʰɑtʂ ʁɑ dəʐw kənji bɑ

ta pai ni qu gen ta jiang

pivotal construction (eg. he sent you to talk with him)

tʰɑtʂ ku ʁɑ ləɤz ɑʐg dɑstɑ di

ta ji guo yi feng xin gei ni

indirect object construction (eg. he has sent a letter to you)

tʰɑtʂ ku ʁɑ qu mæʨʰj ji bɑ

ta jiao ni bie haipa

sentence with imperative complement (eg. he asked you not to be afraid)

tʰɑtʂ ku sə mæ

ta renshi ni ba?

positive particle-question (eg. he knows you, I guess?)

tʰɑtʂ kuʁɑ ji

dui (ta dui ni shuo)

toward, facing (he said to you)

tʰɑtʂ kuʁəß mæqəʴ

(ta jin bu qu)

cannot (with directional verb) (eg. he cannot enter)

tʰɑtʂ kut

ta tui jin qu

he pushed inward

tʰɑtʂ kuχsu

ta wangshuiyuan tiao

he jumped to the source of a river

tʰɑtʂ kuχsu

ta tiao jinqu

he jumped inward

tʰɑtʂ lɑwe ɑʁu sədz

ta duo chi le yi wan

sentence with adverb (eg. he ate one bowl more)

tʰɑtʂ mɑbəl mɑxʂu

ta bu gan bu zuo

sentence with verbal complement (eg. he dared not not do it)

tʰɑtʂ mɑχsɑ pi mɑŋ mɑχsɑ ʂpɑq tʂu

ta bu shi ben, shi zhuang sha

contrastive sentence (eg. he is not being stupid, but pretending to be foolish)

tʰɑtʂ mæʐgipi stə dzə pi

(ta bing hao le, chi fan le)

resumative, "he has recovered and is eating rice now"

tʰɑtʂ nəp ʂə dɑlə

ta shi qu nian lai de

cleft sentence (eg. it is last year that he came)

tʰɑtʂ nəʂ tiq hɑqʰuɑ ȵi zæj

he tang zai chuangshang

sentence with locative phrase (eg. he lies on the bed)

tʰɑtʂ nəχsu

ta wang qian tiao

he jumped forward

tʰɑtʂ nəʥi pʰuwɑ xsə təje

ta qian yi wan yuxian zuo le xin yifu

sentence with adverb (eg. the night before, he made new clothes in advance)

tʰɑtʂ pəs dʐəʂ dæt

ta jintian ai ma le

passive sentence (eg. he got scolded today)

tʰɑtʂ pəs molu pi tu mæzdi pi

chufei (chufei ta jintain dao, yaoburen laibuji)

unless (eg. unless he come today, he can’t be on time)

tʰɑtʂ pət dɑmælə

(hai) mei (ta hai mei lai)

not yet (eg. he has not yet come)

tʰɑtʂ qɑ qəs næ dʐɑ ȵi dælə

ta bi wo haiyao zao lai

comparative sentence (eg. he came even earlier than I)

tʰɑtʂ qɑ ʁɑ dɑkən ji

ta rang wo zou

he let me go

tʰɑtʂ qɑ ʁɑ hodypie hɑdʐu

ta jie le wo shi kuai qian

pseudo-indirect object construction (eg. he borrowed ten dollars from me)

tʰɑtʂ qɑ ʁɑ pʰuwɑ tsɑʐg ku ʁɑ dəgʐ ji

ta rang wo ba zhejian yifu gei ni

he let me give you this clothes

tʰɑtʂ ʁotʂɑ əqʰəʴj

ta ba wan dalan le

he broke the bowl

tʰɑtʂ sədz næɑ dɑjɑʴ

yi … jiu (ta yi chi jiu tu)

instantative, "as soon as he eats, he vomits"

tʰɑtʂ sətʂʰe

ta wang liushui fanxiang tui

he pushed to the direction of the running water

tʰɑtʂ səχsu

ta wang liushui fangxiang tiao

he jumped to the direction of the running water

tʰɑtʂ ʂqəȵiʂ zətəʁu ɦæpək

ta jingguo Maoxian dao le Chengdu

he passed by Maoxian and arrived in Chengdu

tʰatʂ stə dzə

ta zai chifan

he is having meal

tʰɑtʂ stə dzə

ta zhengzai chifan

he is having meal

tʰɑtʂ stə dzə

-zhe (ta chi zhe fan)

progressive, "he is eating"

tʰɑtʂ stə dzə mæpi

ta kuai yao chifan

he will have meal soon

tʰɑtʂ stə dzə ququ

ta chi fan chi de kuai

sentence with manner complement (he eats fast)

tʰɑtʂ stə lə mædzəj

ta lian fan ye bu chi

object-emphatic sentence (eg. he does not even eat rice)

tʰɑtʂ stə sədz bɑ

ta yijing chi le fan

he finished meal

tʰɑtʂ stə tʂu dəɤz

ta kaishi zuofan

he begins to make meal.

tʰɑtʂ stə ʨæz

ta hai zai chifan

he is still having meal

tʰatʂ stəku̥ mɑnɑ tʂæ qɑ tʰɑtʂ χuʁɑ bəl kɑ

gei, wei, daiti (ta bushufu, wo daiti ta shangban)

in place of (eg. do it for him)

tʰɑtʂ tæ

ta de

his, hers

tʰɑtʂ tʰɑɤze

ta tui guo qu

he pushed over there

tʰɑtʂ tʰɑsti

ta wang qian tui

he pushed forward

tʰɑtʂ tʰɑχsu

ta tiao guo qu

he jumped over there

tʰɑtʂ təsu̥ ȵi ləɤz tsæ

ta zhan zhe kan shu

"compressed" sentence (eg. he is standing reading)

tʰɑtʂ tətʂʰe

ta wang shang tui

he pushed upward

tʰɑtʂ təχsu

ta wangshangtiao

he jumped upward

tʰɑtʂ təʐgi ɤʐəq dəpi

ta bing le you si ge yue le

sentence with duration expression (eg. he has been sick for four months)

tʰɑtʂ tʰiæʂ næ kəmæ

ta shenme shihou zou?

question-word question (eg. when is he leaving?)

tʰɑtʂ tʂʰæʂəß wəj læ ɑs nɑqɑ ʐgi

ta pang shi pang, buguo changchang bing

sentence with concessional clause (eg. although he is fat, he is often sick)

tʰɑtʂ tʂʰətʂʰə gən ququ

…ji (ta pao de kuai ji le)

degree (eg. He runs very fast)

tʰɑtʂ xsə tue dələ

ta mei lai san ci le

sentence with frequency expression (eg. he has not come three times)

tʰɑtʂ χuʁɑ oŋ dɑʂqu

weile (weile ta, dajia dou xinku le)

for the sake of (eg. for the sake of him)

tʰɑtʂ zə ʨʰuem ŋu

ta shi ge nongmin.

predicate nominal (he is a peasant)

tʰɑtʂ zəje pi

-qilai (ta ku qilai)

inchoative, "he began crying"

tʰɑtʂ zətəʁu ɦɑqɑ di

ta qu guo Chengdu

he had been to Chengdu.

tʰɑtʂ zəwe səl zəwe dzə

yibian … yibian (ta yibian zou yibian chi)

at the same time, while …, as … (eg. he eats while he runs)

tʰɑtʂ ʐgətʰy

ta wang hou tui

he pushed backward

tʰɑtʂ ʐgəχsu

ta wang hou tiao

he jumped backward

tʰɑtʂ ʐuχɑ xsə tsʰun mælæ

ta gao le mei san cun

sentence with measure expression (eg. he has become not up to three inches taller)

tʰɑtʂ ʨiɑkɑː

ta le, qu le Cheungdu

He, went to Chendu

tʰɑtʂa

zher, nar

there

tʰɑtʂɑ

nar

there, that plase, over there

tʰɑtʂɑ

weizhi, didian

location, position

tʰɑtʂəʂ qɑ ʁɑ təti

ta da le wo

He hit me

tɑwɑ

maozi

hat, cap

tɑwɑ ɦɑlɑ

dai maozi

to wear a hat

tʰæxɕæ

nabian

beyond, other side, opposite side

tʰæxɕæ

zhebian, nabian

that way

tʰæxɕe

shang, xiang, chao, wang

toward

tʰɑxɕe

nabian

that side, that way

tʰæχəß

naxie

those

tʰæχse

tamen

'they' PRO 3rd pl.

tʰɑχse

tamen

'they' PRO 3rd pl.

tʰæχse mi ʐgəl səqɑj

tamen bei pian le

passive sentence (eg. they were cheated)

tʰæχse oŋ dælə

tamen quan lai le

sentence with adverb (eg. they have all come)

tʰæχse stə dzə

tamen zai chifan

they are having meal

tʰɑχse tæ

tamen de

theirs

tʰæχse tæq kə

tamen xian zou le

sentence with adverb (eg. they have left first)

tʰæχse tʰiæʂ næ kəmæ

tamen shenme shihou zou?

question-word question (eg. when are they leaving?)

tæχuæ

lou

to embrace, to hug

tæχuæ

bao (xiaohai)

to carry in the arms, to embrace

tʰə

he

to drink

təbəχtʂə

(rou) chou

(meat) rotten

təbəχtʂə

(jidan) chou

(eggs) rotten smell

tədze

qian

to pincer

tədʐə

dubo

to gamble

tədʐə

fashi

to take an oath

təg

chuan

to wear, to put on

təgu̥

chuan

put on, wear

təjikue

chuigan

dried up by the wind

təjikue

ku

to decay, to wither

təjip

facai

to prosper by becoming wealthy

təjy

qilai

to get up

təjy

jiao~qilai

raise

təjytʂ

diangao

to raise by putting something under

təkʰue

shengqi

to be angry, get angry

təkʰuəʴ

ai ma

to get scolded

təl

gunkai

boil

təlu

(feng) juan

(wind) to whirl

təlu

shangliu

upper course of a river

təm tse

chuntian

spring

təmɑ

hu

to stick

tənəj

faxian, zhaozhao

to find

tənmɑ

qi

lacquer

təɤl ȵi ɦɑn

yangzhe shui

to sleep with back down

təɤuʐ

gou

to hook

təpʰɑ

bao

mosquito bite

təpʰɑ

yongzhong

clumsy and bulky, bulging

təpʰɑ

zhong

swell

təpe

shengzhang

to grow

təpe təqi

zhishuang

straightforward, frank, honest

təpʰəitɑ

peichang

to compensate

təpetətʂe

qingchu

clear, distinct, evident

təpi

jian (jidan)

to fry in fat or oil

təpʰu

tu

convex

təqɑ

lao (bing)

to cook on a griddle

təqɑ

sheng ji

to get promoted

təqəʴ

aifu

caress

təqi

chong

to favor to excess

təqu

ying

to win

təqu

dasheng

to win a war

təquɑ ɦəquɑ

quxian

curve

təqʰulɑ

que

lack

təʁ

shang

to ascend

təʁuəʴ

gua (yifu)

to hang (clothes)

təʁul

zhucang (guz)

to store (grains)

təʁul

shou qilai

to put away

təʁul

shoucun

keep, take charge of

təs nɑ

shengyi wang

prosperous business

təs tʂu

jingying, jiaoyi

business, transactions, trade

təs tʂu

zuo shengyi, zuo maimai

to do business

təs tʂum

shangren

merchant

təs χtʂɑ tʂu

xiaofan

peddler

təsɑ

ban

to mix

təsɑ

hunhe

mingle, get mixed

təsæʐgue

yidong

to move

təsæʐgue

fangwei, yidong

location, movement

təʂdɑ

kaixiao

expenses

təse

zheng

to steam

təse

wen chencai

to warm up leftover

təsi

jiare

heat

təʂke

die

to fold up

təʂke

bao

to wrap, to pack, to envelop

təʂpɑ

maochong

to assume falsely

təʂpe

bu

to patch

təʂpe

ke

be thirsty

təʂpəte

jiaohuo

to stir, to mix, to blend

təʂpi

peng

to hold up in both hands

təstʂu

hangshang

to do business

təsu̥

shu

vertical

təsu̥

zhi

straight

təsu̥

shuzhe

vertically

təsu̥

li

make stand, erect

təsuɑ

suan zhang

to settle a restaurant bill

təʂue

shoushi (dongxi, fangjian)

to clean up / to tidy up (room, house, etc.), put in order

təsu̥n

zhanqilai

stand up

təsus

you

to lure

tʰətʰə

ke (si)

to destroy, subdue

tətʂʰ

ao

to boil for a long time

tətʂʰ

bao

to pop

tʰetsæ

ta

it

tətʂʰe

ju

to raise with the hands

tətʂʰe

cheng

to prop up, to stretch out

tətsi

duan

to bring (as a tray)

tətsi

ti

to carry in a hanging manner with the hand(s)

tətsi

tai

to raise

tətsi

juqi

to lift

tətsu

hui, jihui

congregation

tətuɑ

duan qidai

to cut the umbilical cord

təwəʴ

zhangda

to grow

təx

kan

to chop with an axe

təχ

bao

full, satiated

təxʂ

ji, dui, zai

load, heap up

təχʂ

le (si)

to strangle

təχʂ

kun, bang

to tie up, to bind

təχsɑ mæqɑʴ

ting bu dong

cannot understand (a language)

təχsɑ qɑʴ

ting de dong

can understand (a language)

təχse

na

to hold with the hand

təχse

dai

bring, take

təχse

dai

put on, cover

təχstʂə

yanghuo

feed, nourish

text

dusai (kulong)

to stop up (a hole)

təxtj

xiu

smell

təxtʂ

zu

to hinder, to get in the way

təχtʂɑ

xiongdi

brothers

təχtʂɑ

didi (zhicheng)

younger brother (quoting term)

təχtʂɑ

jinxiongdi

husbands of sisters

təχtʂɑ

neidi

wife's younger brother

təxtʂe

jian

to cut with scissors

təxtʂə

jiezhu

to intercept, to stop

təχtʂe

jiu

save

təχze

xian

to limit

təχze

heyi

agreeable

təχʨe

yaohao

to be on friendly terms

təzæn

xing

to wake up

təzd

xiuxi

to rest, take rest, to repose

təzd

tingzhi, tingzhu

to stop

təzd

tingzhi, tingzhu

to stop

təzd

wanan

good night

təʐəbi

qiao kai

to pry open

təʐgu

gaibian

to change

təʐgu̥

fasheng

happen, occur, take place

təʐgu dəɕe

shengsi

life cycle

təʐgu ɦɑp təʐgi dəɕe

shenglaobingsi

life, sickness, and death

təʐmɑʴ

chaojia

to quarrel

təʐu

chusheng

to be born

təʐu̥ tʰɑs

shengri

birthday

təʐu̥ tʰɑs ʨiquɑ

zuo shengri

to celebrate birthday

təʨæzd

jixu

to continue

təʨue

fa liang

shiny, shining to glitter, to shine

ti

xiong

bear

ti

bianda

to flog

ti

zui

most

ti

tai

too, excessively

tʰi

xi

to suck, to breathe in

tʰi

chao (fangxiang), wang (dong)

to face (a direction), to (east)

ti mɑnɑ

lie (zhi)

of poor quality

ti mɑnɑ

zuihuai

worst

ti nɑ

zuihao

best

ti qɑʁɑ

tou yi ge, di yi (ge)

the first one

ti su

zuihou yi ge

the last one

tiɑnjin

dianying

movies

tiɑnjin tse

kan dianying

to watch the movie

tiɑntən

diandeng

electric light

tiɑnχuɑ ʁɑ

da dianhua

to telephone

tiɑnχuɑ xsyst

jie dianhua

to receive a telephone call

tiɑnχuɑ xsyst

ting dianhua

to answer a telephone call

tidʐɑ

chenzao

to start early

tietie

zhi bu

to weave

tigu

zhongdeng

of medium quality

tigu

zhongxin, zhongyang

centre, middle

tigu̥

zhongjian, jian

middle, space

tigu hɑʐɑ

da cha

to interrupt

tʰik

diao

to fish (with a rod)

tʰil

dizi

flute

tʰil pʰəʴ

chuidizi

to play the flute

tinpʰən

tianhuaban

ceiling

tintsə

dingzi

nail

tʰipu

duimian

opposite

tʰipu

xieduimian

indirectly opposite

tiq

shangmian

above

tiq

shang, xiang, chao, wang

toward

tiq qəl

shangxia

more or less

tiq ʂə

chengdan

to undertake

tiq tʰəɕi

qianshi

previous life

tiqɑʁɑ

zuichu

at first, initially

tiq-qə

yishang

(from) above, more

tisu

jieguo

finally

tisu

zhong, zuihou

end, lastly, finally

titæq

yuxian

beforehand

tiχtʂɑ

weixiao

tiny

toʐgo

sheng (zi)

to give birth, to bear

tsæ

kuai, fengli

sharp, acute

tsæ

zhe (ge)

this (one)

tsæ

zai, daizai

to stay

tsæ

zai

at (eg.

tsæ

diaocha, jiancha

inquire into, investigate

tsʰæ

yang

sheep

tsʰæ

wei

8th earthly branch

tsʰæ

xi, xisui

fine (eg. flour)

tsʰæ

lingyang

antelope

tʂæ

nanhaizi

boy

tʂæ

nanren

male

tʂæ

nanren (yi hun)

married man

tʂæ

jiali

home

tʂæ

nongjia

farm-house

tʂɑ

-r (zher, nar)

(localizer)

tʂʰæ

jia

home

tʂʰɑ

cha

tea

tʂʰɑ

shen

deep

tʂʰɑ

chengdu

degree

tʂʰɑ

diaoke

sculpture

tʂʰɑ

duosui, ke

carve, chop,hash

tʂɑ bəl

jiawu

housework

tʂʰɑ ojy

pao cha

to infuse tea

tʂʰɑ ojy

dao cha

to pour tea

tsʰæ pies

yangrou

mutton

tsæ χɕe

xinshang, xiangle

enjoy

tsæɕue

xianzai

now

tsæɕue

jinlai, zuijin

recently, nowdays

tsɑɕue

xianzai

present

tsʰæitau

caidao

kitchen knife

tsæk

tanwang (pengyou)

to make a visit (to friends)

tsʰæk

zhenban

cutting board

tʂækə

hui jia

to go home

tʂæmie

nyuxu

daughter's husband

tsʰæmtse

hudie

butterfly

tsæn

yangjiaofeng

epilepsy

tsænmæ

airen

lover

tsænmæ

airen, qingren

lover

tsæntsæq

jian

pointed

tsæq

xiatian

summer

tsæq

jianr, xianduan

point, tip

tsɑq

zhe ge yue

this month

tsʰæq

suan

sour

tsæq mun hɑgu tʰɑs

xiazhi

summer solstice

tsæs

gei (renjia) kan

to show

tsʰæt

xun

to patrol

tsʰɑti

qiao (tou)

to pound, to tap, to strike, to rap on (the head)

tsɑtʂɑ

zher

here

tsɑtʂɑ

bianr

side

tsɑtʂɑ

zher, nar

there

tsæxɕæ

zhebian, nabian

that way

tsɑxɕe

zhebian

this side, this way

tsæχəß

zhexie

these (ones)

tʂʰɑxu̥

chahu

teapot

tsɑzd ʁɑ

chen (jihui)

to take the opportunity, to take advantage of

tsʰæzdi

fa

punish

tsæʐgæ

daban

to make up

tsæʐgi

zhuangshi

to adorn, to decorate

tsæʐgi

zhuangshi

decoration, ornament

tsʰæʴ ʁəʑi

shou

thin

tsʰæʴ ʁəʑi kuɑnkue

shouxiao

thin and small

tsʰæʴ we

pang

fat

tsʰæʴ we

fei

fat (meat)

tsʰæʴ we tʰɑtʂ kuzu̥ tuʂ jitsəl ɦæχq tʂəj

pangzi zuo ta le yizi

resultative sentence (eg. the fat man sat on the chair and broke it)

tsʰæȵy

shanyang

goat

tse

kan

to see, to look

tsʰə

yan

salt

tʂe

erzi

son

tʂə

zai

to butcher

tʂʰe

tui

to push

tʂʰə

cheng

scales, balance

tʂʰə

zhui

to pursue, to run after

tʂʰə bæ

chengdi

to weigh less than balance

tʂʰə bəʴ

dacheng

large steelyard

tʂʰə bi

chenggao

to weigh more than balance

tʂʰə mɑɤdʐ

bu gou jinliang

weighing less than balance

tʂʰə ɤdʐə

goujinliang

fair weighing

tʂʰə pæ

chengxing

brassmarks on a steelyard

tsʰə qɑ dzəpæ bəj dzəmæpæ

yan wo mai le, tang mei mai

object-contrastive sentence (eg. I have bought salt, I have not bought sugar)

tʂʰə quəʴ

chenggouzi

hook at the end of a steelyard

tʂʰə ʂqəi

chenggan

beam of a steelyard

tse stæxe

di san (ge)

third

tʂʰə stəʐme

chengchui

weight of steelyard

tseɕq

pingbei

of the same generation

tsəɕuq

qingkuang

condition

tsəhĩ

yinger

baby

tsʰəhĩ

huajiao

wild pepper

tsəku̥

caiyuan

vegetable garden

tʂəm

tufu

butcher

tʂeme

xinlang

groom

tʂemie

jiefu

elder sister's husband

tʂənɸu

zhengfu

government

tsəɤzu

xinniang

bride

tsəɤzu

xifu

son's wife

tsʰəp ʨi

miaohui

feast, festival

tsəpɑ

bing

ice

tsʰəpæʴ

zuichun

lips

tsəpie

liba

fence, hedge

tsəpie dzəx

weiliba

to fence in a bamboo fence

tsəqætu

congqian

formerly

tsəqætu

gudai

ancient times

tsəqəs

jin

scarcely, barely

tʂəqu

huangshulang

weasel

tʂəʁɑ

di

bottom

tʂəʂ

pangguang

bladder

tʂʰəʂ

zhizhu

spider

tses nɑ

haokan

good-looking

tsəʂk

jinnian

this year

tsətʂʰe

wo

to grip, to grasp

tʂətʂə

tang

to scald with hot water

tʂʰətsə

chezi

car

tʂʰətʂʰə

cheng

to weigh

tʂʰətʂʰə

pao

to run

tʂʰətʂʰə

ji

to crowd

tʂʰətsə dzu

zuo che

to ride in a car

tʂʰətsə kə

kai che

to drive a car

tʂʰətsə olu

xia che

to dismount from a cart, to alight from a car

tʂʰətsə qim

chefu

driver

tʂʰətsə ʁoje

jiaoche

to call for a car

tʂʰətsə təqɑ

shang che

to get onto a cart

tsʰəw

zhouyu

spell, curses

tsʰəw

nian zhou

to recite incantation

tsʰəw

zhouma

to curse

tʂəwu

diban

floor

tsəχ

hechuang

river-bed

tsʰəx

shourou

lean meat

tsəχʂ

leijin

to fasten, to tighten

tsʰəχuə

caoxie

straw sandals

tsəχʨue

wan (shi wanqyu)

to bend

tsʰəʐmɑ

ci

thorn

tsi

jiejie

elder sister

tsi

nyuer

daughter

tsi

nyuhaizi

girl

tsi

nyuren

female

tsi

guniang

unmarried young woman

tsi

nyuren (yi hun)

married woman

tsi

yatou

maidservant

tsi jəʨip

nyuzhuren

mistress

tsi qəʴtu stum xsətʂ zæj

congqian you san xiongdi

existential sentence (eg. once there were three brothers)

tsiqætu

gu shihou

ancient times

tʂiʂə

zhishi

knowledge

tsitsiqæʴ

zhouwei

surrounding, environment

tsiwəʴ tʂu

zuo mei

to act as go-between

tsiwəʴ tʂum

meiren

matchmaker

tʂoŋkuo mi qule

Zhongguo renkou duo

"double-subject" sentence (eg. China is large in population)

tsʰotsə

zaozi

chisel

tʂʰts

chi

ruler

tsu

shui

water

tsʰu

zhai, qia

to pick

tsʰu

fei

lungs

tsʰu

xingjiao

sexual intercourse

tsʰu

xingjiao (yinyu)

sexual intercourse (euphemistic term)

tsʰu

bai (juzi)

to open out, to separate

tʂu

xiang

to border (garment, shoes)

tʂu

(dongwu) zai

(animals) young

tsu dzəlæ!

na shui lai!

imperative sentence (eg. bring water !)

tsu gə

(shui) qing

(water) clear

tsu lu

(shui) liu

to flow, to stream

tsu qi

guangai

to irrigate

tsu ʁlu

youyong

to swim

tsu ʁulu

youyong

to swim

tsu se

po shui

to splash water

tsu sətʂɑ

zan (shui)

to spatter cold water on a hot pan

tsu siɸ

reshui

hot water

tsu ʂu

jiao shui

to water

tsu təl

shui kai le

(water) boils

tsu təxtʂ

jie shui

to stop the flow of water

tsu χətʂɑ

hean

river bank

tsu χətʂɑ

xi

stream

tsu χtʂɑ

xiaohe

stream, brook

tsʰu ʐgi

hai feilao

to have tuberculosis

tsu ʨiku̥ ʁəzəß le

shuile you yu

there are fish in the water

tsʰuɑ

qiao

bridge

tsʰuɑ

suoqiao

rope bridge

tsʰuɑ tʰɑʁʂɑ

guo qiao

to cross a bridge

tsʰuɑ təwəʴ

jiaqiao

temporary bridge

tʂuɑm

jizi, jinyu

stepson, stepdaughter

tsʰuɸæʂ dəwe

ganmao, shangfeng

cold

tsujy

jiao

to pour over

tsuk

chitang, shuichizi

pond

tsuk tʰɑʐq ȵæwe tʂʰɑ

na kou jing you duo shen?

question-word question (eg. how deep is that well?)

tsuke

zhuzi

pillar

tʂuke

bozi

neck

tsuke tsʰu

shu zhuzi

to set up pillars

tsun

tiaozao

flea

tsup

niunai

milk

tsʰup dɑt

baihou

diphtheria

tsʰup luj

kesou

to cough

tsupie

laihama

toad

tsupu

tuozi

humpbacked

tsuq

pao

blister

tʂuq

toutai

first born

tsuq təʂp

qi pao

to raise a blister

tsus

tuoye

saliva

tsus

tuomo

spittle

tsus lu

liu koushui

to have saliva running from the mouth

tsuse

tang

soup

tsuse

kaishui

boiling water

tsuse

shao kaishui

to boil (water)

tsuse lə

zhu tang

to cook soup

tʂusu

laoyao

youngest child

tʂʰutɑ

san

umbrella

tʂʰutɑ hɑqʰəʴ

da san

to put up an umbrella

tʂuts

zhuozi

table

tʂuts kuʂ

bai zhuozi

to set the table

tʂʰutsi le

ai tiaoti

fussy

tsʰutsiə

saojin bodou / boji

to sweep into a dustpan

tsutsu

chuanran

to infect

tsʰutsʰu

jiaoyu

education

tsʰutsʰu

zhufu

to charge

tsʰutsʰu

zhidao

to instruct, to guide

tsʰutsʰum

laoshi

teacher

tsʰutsʰun

yuanding

gardener

tʂuwɑ

xuezi

long boots

tʂuwɑ jijem

xiejiang

cobbler

tʂuwɑ tʂə lɑ

huan xiedi

to put a new sole to a shoe

tsuwəʴ

he, jiang

river

tsuxl

jibeigu

backbone

tsʰuχty

houlong

throat

tsʰuχty kɑpɑ

houjie

Adam's apple

tsuzɑ

shuipiao

gourd used for a ladle

tsuzəkə

beishui, jishui

to get water (from river or well)

tʂuʐoŋʨi ʂqəȵi təpəl

Zhurongji zongli lai Maoxian. (qinyan mudu)

Premier Zhu rongji came to Maoxian

tʂuʐoŋʨi ʂqəȵi təpəl ji

Zhurongji zongli lai maoxian. (ting bieren shuo)

Premier Zhu rongji came to Maoxian (heard from others)

tʂuʐoŋʨi ʂqəȵi təpəl qəs we

Zhurongji zongli lai maoxian. (kandao kenduo haohua de che er guji shi zheiyang)

Premier Zhu rongji came to Maoxian. (saw many luxury cars and guess like this)

tʂuȵi bɑlɑ

chang

intestines

tʂuȵi bɑlɑ pɑ

mangchang

appendix

tsuʥue

mo (mi jia shui)

to grind (grains) with water

tsuʨue

hongshui

flood

tsʰʐmɑ kutʂ

zhaci

to get a splinter

ttʰɑsu kutʂʰe

chayao

arms akimbo

tu

tiao

to shoulder

tuæ

tan

phlegm

tuæ pʰə

tu tan

to spit

tuɑdʐi

saozhou

broom

tujyn

zuo qilai

to sit up

tukkʰəʴ

mayi

ant

tukkʰəʴ

baiyi

termite

tupie dəd

ai da

to get beaten

tupie mimie

zhao da zhao ma de

irritating, annoying

tʰuxse

xingqi

to beg

tʰuxsem

qigai

beggar

tyqɑ

danggui

a kind of medicinal root

tys

shenghuo

life

tyty

tuanjie

to unite

wɑ

keyi

may

wɑ

yijing

already

wæt

jian

arrow

wɑt

guaizhang

walking stick

wæt dæqi

she jian

to shoot an arrow

wɑt ʨy

na guaizhang

to carry a walking stick

wɑts

wazi

socks

wə

niao

bird

wə dzəku̥

(niao) zui

beak, bill

wə tɑqu

niaowo

bird's nest

wə təsue

zhuo

to peck

wə ʐəgæ

yanzi

swallow

wəg

gezi

pigeon

wəs ŋu

yinggai

ought to, should

wəsi

bianzi

whip

wəsiʂ təx

bianda, chou

to whip

wəst

dan

egg

wəst

jidan

egg

wəst æqʰəʴ

da jidan

to crack an egg

wəst kʰəʴ

xia dan

to lay eggs

wət

gunzi, ganzi

stick

wət

shouzhang

stick

wətʂ təti

gunda

to beat (with a stick)

wəx

maotouying

owl

wəʐu

yeji

pheasant

wuze

yinzi

silver

χɑ

biti

nasal mucus, snivel

χɑ

huang

yellow

χɑ əɕue

xing biti

to blow the nose

χɑ səpæ

zhongyi

Chinese doctor

χɑ sət-tuɑ

liu biti

to have a running nose

χɑ ste

chucao

to weed

χɑ ȵixu̥

xibiti

to blow in the mucus of the nose

χɑmtsʰɑ

lajiao

pepper

xæpe

shanpo

slope

xæpiæ

dou

steep

χɑq

maocao

thatch rushes

χɑq

cao

grass

χɑq

gancao

straw

xæq dəpi

chaoguo

go beyond

χɑq jikue

gancao

hey

χɑq ʐəwe

lyu

green

χɑʂku̥

bigou

hard secretion from the nose

χɑtʂu̥

yi

pancreas

χatʰu

hetao

walnut

χɑʐbu

luo

gong

χɑʐbu ti

daluo

to sound the gong

xɕɑ pies

niurou

beef

xɕɑ ʁʐue

shuan niu

to tie up a cow

xɕɑ stəχuɑ

niudu

beef stomach

xɕɑ stu

fang niu

to tend cattle

xɕɑ tsətsæ

niujuan

cattle's pen

xɕɑχ

gongniu

ox

xɕɑʐəme

muniu

cow

xɕe

fangxiang

direction

χɕe

ai

to love

xɕe stum

fangniude

cattle tender

χɕes we

keai

amiable

χɕi

zunjing

respect

χɕis we

keai (xiaohai)

cute, lovely, charming

χɕis we

guai

good as a child

χɕue

xiang

to think

χɕue

caice

to speculate, to guess

χɕue

huanxiang, xiangxiang

to fancy

χɕue

xiangnian

to worry, to put to heart

χɕue

xiang, kaolyu

to think

χɕue ʂqu

yali

pressure

χɕue təpel

xiangqilai

to remind, to recollect

xɕuep

jing

quiet

χɕueq

yisi

intention, sense, meaning

χɕueq

xiwang, yuanwang

wish for

χɕues moxu

buzaiyi

calm

xɕuewɑ

fa

to rise

xɕul

shaozi

whistle

xɕul pʰə

chui shaozi

to whistle with a whistle

xɕy

zhang

roedeer

xɕy

gan

to dare

xɕy

yonggan

courageous, brave, valiant

xɕyɸu̥

yangrong

wool

χe

chou

2nd earthly branch

χəɑχ

yangzi

shape, appearance

χəɕi

xihuan

to like

χəipæn

heiban

blackboard

χən ɑs

zhengtian

whole day

xəntʂ

er hao

the second day of a month

χəpɑχ

xing(zhuang), guan

sight, shape

χəpɑχ

lizi

example, instance

χəpɑʐ

zhaoxing

photograph

χəq

sheng

raw

χəq

sheng, bu shou

raw

χəʁuəʴ

diao

hang down

χəsu bəl

qiuyin

earthworm

xətʂə

shizi

louse

χətʂə

zha (you)

to squeeze

χətʂu

zhai

debt

χətʂu hæqi

fang zhai

to lend money on usury

xətʂutʂ

shiziluan, jizi

nit

xəx

che (shengzi)

to pull at (a string)

χəzu

wa

tile

χəʴ

zhen

needle

χəʴ

leigu

ribs

χəʴ

jinrou

muscle

χəʴ kutʂ

zhenjiu

acupuncture

xeʴqə

piping

to criticize

χəʴʐ

zhenyanr

eye of needle

χəʴʐ ʂə

chuan zhen

to thread a needle

χo

laohu

tiger

χodʐəi

qidao, daogao

to pray

χoɤli

xuyuan

to make a vow

χoɤli dəs

huan yuan

to fulfill a vow

χqɑ

xijing

clean, purify

χqɑs

zaotang

public bathhouse

xqə

sui

marrow

xsæ

quanjia

to act as peacemaker

xsæ

quan

to advise

χsɑ

neihang

expert

χsɑ

dong

to comprehend

χsɑ

limao

manners, courtesy

χsɑ

xiaoshun

filial

χʂɑ læze

yidianr

a little, some (quantity)

xse

quan

recommend

xsə

xinxian

(food) fresh

xsə

xin

new

xsə

xinqi

unusual

xʂə

you

existential verb, to have

xʂə

you

possess

χʂə

shi, dabian

feces, stool

χʂə

pi

expulsion of intestinal gas

χʂə jy

la shi

to defecate

χʂə qi

fang pi

to expel intestinal gas

xsəkʰi

san bai

three hundred

xsəq

sanyue

March

xsəstu̥

san qian

three thousands

xsəsu

sa, sanshi

thirty

χsət

huo

living, to be alive, to live

χsət

zheng ge

whole

xsətʂ

san hao

the third day of a month

xsətʂ tæ stə ɑʁu dzə

yi wan fan chi sangeren

declarative sentence (eg. a bowl of rice feeds three people)

xʂəxʂə

suoyou, quanbu

all

xsəʴ

san

three

xsisu mæʁzə

chuxi

New Year's Eve

xʂu

gangmen

anus

χsuɑ tsuɑm

nishuijiang

bricklayer

xʂuku

chou (xifan)

(liquid) thick

χsute

tiao

to jump

χsute χsute

tiaobengbeng

to skip

xsyst

licai

to take note of, to pay attention to

xsyst

ting

to listen

xsyst

wen

to smell

xsyst

tingcong, gensui

obey, follow

χtixʂ

jiao

spoilt

χtixʂ

sajiao

to tease--of spoilt children

χtʂɑ

xiao

small, little

χtʂɑ

shaowei

slightly

χtʂɑ

xiao, youxiao

infant

χtʂɑ pɑ le

cencibuqi

uneven

χtʂɑ stu

congxiao

from childhood

χtʂɑi æxɕæ

xiao ban

smaller half

xtʂe

zidan

bullet

xtʂə

dan

gall bladder

χtʂe

kou (bigou)

to pick at, to scrape (eg. the nose)

χtʂe

jiu

to rescue, save

χtʂe

you weir

smell

xtʂə deze

shengshizi

to have lice

xtʂes

shoushu

an operation

xtʂəxtʂe

jian

to cut

xtʂəxtʂe

cai

to cutout in sewing

xtʂoutʂkʰæ qusu

bizi

fine-toothed comb

xtʂu

han

sweat, perspiration

xtʂu hæpæ

chuhan

perspire, sweat

xtʂu lu

liu han

to sweat

χtʂuəʴ

liu

six

χtʂuq

liuyue

June

χtʂusu

liushi

sixty

χtuχtu

chui niu

to brag

χuɑ

mai

to sell

χuɑm

zhanggui

shopkeeper

xuəʴ jem

wuyeyoumin

vagrant

χule

huopo

lively

χule

dafang

generous in manner

χuntu

candou

horsebean

xupɑ

mao

fur, wool

xupɑ

yumao

feather

xupɑ

mao, hanmao

body hair

χupɑ hɑstuɑ

ba mao

to remove feathers

xupɑ lɑ

(niao) diao mao

to moult

χuʁɑ

yuanyin

cause

χuʁɑ

wei(le), youyu

for, sake, owing, in order to

xut

xiang

incense

xut tʂustɑs

xianglu

incense burner

xut tʂustɑs

shao xiang

to burn incense

χuts

hezi

box

χutʂ

daoqian

to apologize

xuxu

xiang

fragrant

xuxu

xiangwei

fragrance, sweet smell, scent

χʨeχʨe

qinmi

familiar, intimate

χʨue

niu

to wring

xʨuep

lengqing

still and lonely

zæ

da

to hit, to strike, to beat

zæ

linse

niggardly, miserly

zæ

jiejian

thrifty

zɑ

shaor

spoon

zɑ

yao (shui)

to ladle, to draw up

zɑ

yao

scoop

zɑ

mo, jiu

mortar

zæ qi

guorizi, shenghuo

live

ʐɑlɑ

daochu

everywhere

ʐɑlɑ zæ

xu duo ren, da huo

multituide

ʐæpi

(huashengmi) pi

(shell of nut becomes) soft

ʐæpi

(she/chan de) ker

shell

ʐɑpi

pi, maopi

fur

ʐæpi dzə

chu fengzhenkuai, pifu mingan

allergy--to have bumps all over the body

ʐæqæ

bao (huashengqiao)

to flay, to peel

zæʁʑi

jimo

lonely

zætsi

rongyi

easy

zætsi

jiandan, danchun

simple

zæʴpi

kang

rice husk

ʐæʴpi

qiao

nutshell

ʐæʴpi

fuzi

wheat bran

ʐæʴpi ɦæqæ

bo qiao

to shell

ʐæʴpi ɦæqæ

bo pi

to peel

ʐæʴpi lɑ

(she/chan) tuo qiao

discarded skin of snake, cicada

ʐæʴpi qɑ

xiao pi

to peel with a peeler

ʐbɑ le

guyi

purposely, deliberately

ʐbɑ mele

dui buqi

"excuse me"

ʐbɑ mele

wuyi

not on purpose

ʐbɑzd

zhe ge libai, zhe ge xingqi

this week

zdə

tizi

ladder

zdə

zhongtou, xiaoshi

hour

zdə

dianzhong

o'clock

zdə

xiuxi

rest

zdəqʰu

tan zhi

to snap the fingers

zdəʂku

qiane

forehead

zdəzdɑ

hua

smooth

zdəʐgy

louti

staircase

zdəʐgy ɑʁ

xia louti

to come down a stairway

zdəʐgy təʁ

shang louti

to climb the stairway, steps

zdəzu

qingwa

green frog, frog

zdi

xian

leisurely

zdi

shamu

japan cedar

zduɑ jys

youpingzi

child of a woman's former marriage

ze

(muji xia dan hou) hujiao

hen's cry after laying eggs

zə

di

the earth

zə

tian

field, acres, rice-field

zə

zhong

heavy

zə

tiandi

field

zə

tudi

ground, land

ʐə

huangniu

the common yellow cattle

ʐə

xi

(liquid) thin

ʐə

chen

5th earthly branch

zə atʂʰi

(yikuai) di

land, soil, territory grounds

ʐə dɑʐ

hen jiu

very long (in time)

zə lə

li tian

to plough

zə təm

dizhen

earthquake

zə ʨʰue

zhong di

to plow the field

zə ʨʰuem

nongmin

peasant, peasantry, farmer

ʐəbɑ

kun

sleepy

ʐəbɑzd tʰɑs

libaitian, xingqitian

Sunday

zəbə

maoniu

yak

ʐəbu zæm

gushou

drum player

zəd tʂu

nian jing

to chant sacred books

zədɑ

yuncai

cloud

zədɑ ɕəpɑ

wanxia

rosy clouds, rosy sunset

zədɑ mopi

yunsan

the clouds disperse

zədɑm

wu

fog, mist

zədɑm we

xia wu

the fog spreads

zədi

shanshu

fir

zədi

bianjie, bianxian

border, frontier

zədu

du, nian

to read aloud

zəduɑ

you

oil

zəduɑ pə

mai you

to buy (cooking) oil

ʐəgue

huli

fox

ʐəguŋbɑ

miao

temple

ʐəgy

lu

road, way

ʐəgy

jiedao, malu

street

ʐəgy bel

zhu lu

to build a road

zəje

ku

to weep, to cry

zəl mæzdi

liantundaiyan

(to eat) in a hurry

ʐəle

li, rili

calendar

zəlu mæqə

kewang

to long for

zəm

ger

song

zəm

yinyue

music

zəm tsʰuɑ

chang ge

to sing

ʐəme

lingyang

to adopt

ʐəmətʂæ

huangdi

emperor

ʐəmi

feiliao

manure

ʐəmi

liuzi

wen, lump

ʐəmi hɑpe

zhang chuang

to have sores

ʐəmi hɑpe

zhang liu

to have a tumour, a swelling

ʐəmi jy

shi fei

to fertilize

ʐəmi ɤəli

shi fen

to gather night soil

ʐəmu

timu

topic

ʐəmu ʂpə

chu timu

to assign a theme

ʐəmu stus

fen, fenmu

grave, tomb

ʐəmu tsʰəs

guancai

coffin

ʐənbəlse

qing jia

to ask for a leave

ʐəɤð qutsæ

sanchalu

forked road

zəp

fengshui

geomancy

zəp

dizhi, zhuzhi

address, residence

zəp

zhidi

quality (of things)

zəp

difang

place

zəp

huanjing

environment, circumstances

zəp

diqiu

the earth, globe

zəp

difang

region, province

zəp

fangwei, juli

place, direction, distance

zəp

fangwei, yidong

location, movement

zəp nɑ

(difang) shufu

cozy

zəp ɑʐg tæ

yidi, mandi

the whole floor / ground

zəp mɑnɑ

pianpi

remote, out of the way

zəp ʂqul

diyu

hell

zəp tʰɑtʂɑ

weizhi, didian

location, position

zəp ʐəmə

diming

local place names

zəp ȵæ tsu χəɕæ

fu shuitu

to get used to the climate of a new place

zəpu mi

bendiren

aboriginal

zəq

shetou

tongue

zəq kɑqɑ

shegen

root of the tongue

zəq qəʐ

shejian

tongue tip

zəq səpæ

tu shetou

to stick out the tongue

zəq tiq χəʴ æ xʂəj

dishang you gen zhen

there is a needle on the ground

zəq χtʂɑ

xiaoshe

uvula

zəqæ mi

xiangxiaren

countryfolk

zəqe

duanwujie

5th day of the 5th lunar month, Dragon Boat Festival

zəqəʴ qʰəq we

shanshang you shu

there are trees on the mountain

zəqlɑ

shuo huang

to lie

ʐəqu

daizi

sack, bag

zəque

yan

to grind/rub fine

zəquəʴ

weizhu

to surround

zəʁ tʰɑʁ

laiwang

intercourse, connection

zəʁɑ

dishang

ground

ʐəʁuəʴ

shagua, hulihutu

stupid and ignorant

zəʂək

laoshu

mouse, rat

zəʂək

zi

1st earthly branch

zəʂu

shou, ling

to receive, to accept

zət

riqi

date

zətəʁu ɦɑqɑ

ta le, qu le Cheungdu

He, went to Chendu

zətəʁuʂ ʂqəȵi ȵikiȵi təʁəs

cong Chendu dao Maoxian zheme zou?

how to go from Chengdu to Maoxian?

zetsi

fangbian

convenient

zətʂu̥

sunzi

son's son, grandson, grandchild

zətʂu̥

sunnyu

son's daughter, granddaughter, grandchild

zətʂu̥

waisun

daughter's son

zətʂu̥

zisun

descendant, offspring

zətʂuɑ

nie

to knead (a dough)

ʐəw

zhongjian

middle

ʐəwe

hunli, hongshi

marriage ceremony

zəχɑ

caodi

grassland, meadow, lawn

zəχʂ

jin

tight

zəxsun

huzi

moustache

zəxsun kʰuəʴ

gua huzi

to shave beard

zəxue

rao guoqu

to go around

zəzəqæ

zai ~ zhouwei

around

zəzetæ

dajia

we all, all of us

zəʐu

shou, ling

to receive, to accept

zəʴʁuəʴ

qizi

wife

ʐgæq

putong

ordinary, common

ʐgæq

pingfan

commonplace

ʐgæq

zhenghao

exactly

ʐgæq

qiaqiao

just right, in the nick of time

ʐgæq

juran

indeed, to one's pleasant surprise

ʐgæq

guoran

actually (favorably or unfavorably)

ʐgæq

heshi

to suit, to fit

ʐgæq

shiyi

fit, suit, be suitable

ʐgæq ŋu

hesuan

worth, worthwhile

ʑgæxɕæ

zuopiezi

left-handed person

ʐgə

wen

steady

ʐgə

naiyong, jieshi

strong, lasting, stout

ʐgə

jiangu, queshi

firm, stable

ʐgəl səqɑ

quantao

trap

ʐgətsi

shuoxiao

to joke (verbally)

ʐgətsi tʂʰu

kaiwanxiao

to joke

ʐgi

bing

diseases, illness, sickness

ʐgi

tong

painful

ʐgi

maobing

dosorder

ʐgi

teng

hurt, be sore, pain

ʐgi

bing

suffer, become ill

ʐgi dətsu̥

jibing

sickness

zgi ʂqo

bing zhong

to be seriously ill

ʐgi ʂqo

da bing, zhong bing

serious illness

ʐgi tse

kan bing

to examine the disease

ʐgi tsek

kan yisheng

to visit a doctor

ʐgi tsem ʁuase

qing yisheng

to get a doctor

ʐgi tses

yiyuan

hospital

ʐgi ʨʰixue

yi bing, zhi bing

to heal disease, to cure

ʐgi ʨʰixuem

yisheng

doctor

ʐgim

bingren

patient

ʐgiʁʥi

wenyi

the plague

ʐgiχs

hai bing

to be ill

ʐgu̥

xiu

rust

ʐgue

baochou

to avenge a grievance

ʐgue

huida

answer

ʐguəʴ

jiu

nine

ʐguq

jiuyue

September

ʐguq ʐguty

chongyangjie

9th day of the 9th moon

ʐgusu

jiushi

ninety

ʐgy

tongxin, jiaotong

communication, transportation

ʐgy æxɕæ

bandaorshang

on the way, half way

ʐgy mɑnɑs

nanzou, qiqu

(road) rough

ʐgyn

jin

near

ʐgyst selm

guoluren

traveller

ʐgyχətʂm

xiangdao

guide, show, usher in

ʐgyχu

yuan

far, distant

zi

haochi

delicious

ʑigeltsʰuɑ

si

monastery

zimɑ mezi

weir, ziwei

flavor, taste

ʐmɑ

jiao (zuo)

to be called, be named

ʐmə

xingshi

surname, the clan name

ʐmə

xing

to be surnamed

ʐmə

mingzi

name

ʐmə

xingming, chushen

identity

ʐmə χtʂɑ

xiaoming, ruming

pet name

ʐmi

shangkou

wound

ʐmi təlu

bao shangkou

to wrap a wound

ʐmis

jie ba

to grow into a scar

ʐmu

ling

coffin containing a corpse

ʐmu

shengwang

fame, reputation

ʐmu

shiti

corpse

ʐmu gə

shou ling

to watch the coffin containing the corpse

ʐmu hɑkue

chubin

to hold a funeral procession

ʐmu hɑkue

songbin

to attend a funeral procession

ʐmu hɑstu̥

maizang

to inter, to bury

ʐmu mɑnɑ

mengyan

nightmare

ʐmu mowe ʥesu

wumingzhi

ring finger, the 3rd finger

zmu təpetətʂe

xiang meng

to explain a dream

ʐmu tʂe

guowang, huangdi

king, emperor

ʐmu tsu

kai hui

to have a meeting

ʐmu tsu dɑs

san hui

meeting dismissed

ʐmu tum

tai guancai de

coffin bearer

ʐmu we

youming, chuming

famous, well-known, celebrated

ʐmuɤʑi

zuo meng

to dream

ʐmuʂ

shen

deity, God

ʐmuʂ

fo

buddha

ʐmuʂ

pusa

boddhisatva

ʐmus dzus

shenwei

tablet or altar before which gods and spirits of ancestors are worshipped

ʐmuʂ χoɤli

bai shen

to worship god

ʐmuʂ χstem

tiaoshen de

shaman

ʐmuʂ χsute

tiaoshen

to shamanize

ʐmuʂp

ma

to scold

ʐmuxqæ

dong

to move

ʐmuxqi

dong

to move

ʐmuʐme

ding zui

to contradict a senior

ʐmuʐme

douzui

to squabble

ʐo

chuan, gaosu

convey, transmit, inform

ʐojɑʴ

xiang

ring

ʐoʐo

zhengbian

to argue, to dispute

ʐpɑzd

libai

worship

ʐqæz

pengzi, xiaowu

hut, lodge

zu

bingbao

hail, hailstone

zu

zhongzi

seed

zu

jingye

sperm, semen

zu dəwe

xia baozi

the hail falls

zu mæpə

qinkuai

diligent

zu se

bo (sa) zhong

to sow seeds

ʐujɑʴ

xiang

loud

zulu

deng

to wait for

zumɑ

baishu

cypress

ʐuχɑ

shengao

stature

zylu

qidai

expect

ʥæ

jieri

holiday, festival

ʥæ

jieqi

solar terms

ʥæ

chunjie

The Spring Festival

ʨɑ læxɕæ

nabian

where

ȵæ weʴ

ji ge? (shi ge yinei)

how much / how many (less than ten)

ʨædi

wolia

the two of us

ʥæl

laoshi

trustworthy, honest

ʨɑl

louxia

ground floor

ʥæpɑ

shou

hand

ʥæpɑ jeʐu̥

shoufeng

spaces between fingers

ʥæpɑ kʰuȵi

shoubei

back of the hand

ȵæq ȵæty

ji yue ji hao (jintian ji hao?)

(to tell date) what day is today?

ʨæti stə dzəʴ

woliang zai chifan

two of us are having meal

ʨɑtu

loushang, erlou

second floor, first floor

ȵɑwæ ʨʰi

yao jia

to make a quotation

ȵɑwæ ʨʰi

duoshao qian?

how much (asking for price)

ȵæwe dəpi

duo jiu?

how long (in time)

ȵæwəl dəpie

wen shihou (ji dian zhong?)

(to tell time) what time is it?

ȵæwel wəj

duoshao ? (shi ge yishang)

how much / how many ( more than ten )

ʨæχse

women

'we' PRO first inclusive plural

ʨæχse

zanmen

'we' PRO first exclusive plural

ʨæχse guæʐəß hodytʂ motsu zæ

women you shi duo ge pengyou

simple declarative sentence with the possessive verb (eg. we have ten odd friends)

ʨæχse ɦɑzu̥ ʂɑ

- xiaqu (women zuo xiaqu)

continuation, "let's continue working"

ʨæχse kəʂɑ bu!

zanmen zou ba!

imperative sentence (eg. let's go !)

ʨæχse stə dzəʴ

women zai chifan

we are having meal

ʨæχse tæ

women de

ours (incl.)

ʨæχse tæ

zanmen de

ours (excl.)

ʨæχse tʰiæʂ næ kəs

women shenme shihou zou?

question-word question (eg. when are we leaving?)

ʥæzu̥

tidao

razor

ʨɑzu̥

chuangzi

window

ʨɑʐu̥

tianchuang

skylight

ȵəku̥ ʁɑ ʁoje

eryu

to whisper

ʥesu

shouzhitou

finger

ʥesu

shizhi

index finger, forefinger

ʥesu

zhi

to point

ʥesu kukuəʴ

zhe zhitou guanjie

to crack the knuckles

ʥesu qəpɑtʂ ɕiɕi

shu shouzhitou

to count with the fingers

ʥesu qəʐ

zhijian

finger tips

ʥesu ti χtʂɑ

xiaozhi

little finger

ʥesu tiwu

zhongzhi

middle finger

ʥesu tʂʰelæ

shun zhitou

to suck (fingers)

ʥeʐu̥ qəstɑ

daobei

back of a knife

ʥeʐu̥ su

mo dao

to sharpen a knife

ʥeʐu̥ sus ʁləpi

modaoshi

grindstone

ʥeʐu̥ χətʂɑ

xiaodao

knife, penknife

ʥeʐu̥ ʐæpi

daoqiao

sheath, scabbard

ȵəʨæ zəp

jiaxiang, guxiang

home, native land

ʥgænbu

xiang

trunk

ȵi

yan (cha nong)

(tea) thick

ȵi

nong

dense

ʨi

fangzi (zheng suo de)

house

ʨʰi

xuyao

to need

ʨʰi

yao, xiangyao

to want, to desire, to wish for, be anxious to

ʨʰi ɕɑʐbæ

yao, xiangyao

to want, to desire, to wish for, be anxious to

ʨi dy

sao di

to sweep the floor

ʥi ləɤz

shouwen

lines of the palm

ʥi ləɤz pɑtʂ

yuanxing zhiwen

circular finger lines

ʨi mimie

zhao fangzi

to go house hunting

ʨi mimie

zu fangzi

to rent a house

ʨi qəʂk

gai fangzi

to build a house

ʥi qu pɑ qu

kuaishoukuaijiaode

in a quick manner

ʨi tsɑpən sətæ ŋu

zhe jian fangzi tai da le

sentence with descriptive predicate (eg. this house is too big)

ʨi xəle

jianzhu

building, construction

ʨi xəle

qi qiang

to pile up a wall

ʨi ʥy

dasaochu

thorough cleaning

ȵiɑte

tian

to lick with tip of tongue

ȵiɑw

gao, zhifang

fat, grease

ʨiɕuq

zhangfu

husband

ʥidi

shouzhuo

bracelet

ȵidzæ

heizhi

mole

ʨiɸæ

tuchun

harelipped person

ȵigə

shenme?

what?

ȵigə pɑnɑ

shenme (dongxi)

anything, something

ȵigə bələs

zenme ban ne?

question-word question (eg. what shall (we) do (about it)?)

ȵigə læ ŋu

na (ge)?

which (one) ?

ȵigə læxɕe

nabian?

which side?

ȵigə læzd

shenme shihou?

when?

ȵigə læzd

suishi

at any time

ȵigə læzd ʁɑl ŋuȵi mæʨʰi

shenme shihou dou keyi

declarative sentence with indefinite word (eg. any time will do)

ȵigə ŋu

zenmeyang?

how? what about? what kind of?

ȵigə χuʁɑ

weishenme?

why?

ȵigə χuʁɑ

yuangu

reason

ȵigə χuʁɑ

liyou

reason

ȵigə χuʁɑ mæqæ

weishenme bu xing ne?

question-word question (eg. why won't it do?)

ȵigə ȵi bələs

zenme (zuo)?

how (to do?) -manner-

ȵigəʂ təbəl pi

you … zuchang

consist of

ʨik le

jinqin

close relatives

ȵikə bəl

zhiye

occupation

ʨiku̥

limian, libian

inside, inward, interior

ʨiku̥

yinei

within

ʨiku̥

limian, libian

inside

ʨiku̥

limian, libian

interior

ʨil

wuji

ridge of the roof

ʨil pʰəʴ

da fangji

to lay the foundation

ʥil-lɑ

xiaba

chin

ʥimie

damuzhi

thumb

ȵinȵi

run

moistening

ʥipɑ ɑduɑ

yi zhi shou

single-handed

ʥipɑ dəqi

song shou

to let loose of the hand

ʥipɑ dzətʂʰe

gong shou

to salute with the hands folded

ʥipɑ gənəduɑ

shuangshou

with both hands

ʥipɑ kutsəs

fushou

railing

ʥipɑ kutsi

wo shou

to shake hands

ʥipɑ ɤʐə

hui ge zhongshou yi de ren

jack-of-all-trades

ʥipɑ pʰɑti

hui shou

to wave the hand

ʥipɑ pʰɑti

bai shou

to wave the hand (in dissent)

ʥipɑ pʰɑti

zhao shou

to beckon with the hand

ʥipɑ sæʐgue

zuo shoushi

to make a hand sign

ʥipɑ sətʂʰu

shen shou

to stretch out the hand

ʥipɑ suχuɑ

kongshou

empty-handed

ʥipɑ tətʂʰu

ju shou

to raise the hand

ʥipɑ tsʰɑti

pai shou

to clap the hands

ȵipi

niebi

coins

ȵiq

hei

pitch dark

ȵiq

heizi

birthmark

ȵiq

hei

black

ʨiq

zhengyue, yiyue

1st lunar month, January

ȵiq le

queban

freckles

ʨiquɑ

da jihao

to mark / to make a sign

ʨiquɑ

jihao, biaozhi

mark

ʥisɑ

jiezhi

ring

ʨiʂk

suan

garlic

ʥiʂpu qəle

quantou

fist

ʥiʂpu qəle təʁuəʴ

wo quan

to clench one's fist

ʨitsʰæ

linju

neighbor

ʨitsʰæ

gebi

neighboring, next door

ʨitsʰæ

fujin, linju

neighbourhood

ʨiw

you

10th earthly branch

ʨiw meqʰuɑ

muji

hen

ʨiw tɑqu

jiwo

basket for fowls

ʨiw tʂuəʴ

xiaojir

chick

ʨiw zədi

fu luan, bao xiaoji

to hatch

ʨiw ʨy

gongji

cock

ʨiwɑ

laojia

native village

ʨiʐmæn

bie chao!

negative imperative sentence (eg. don't make noise !)

ȵiʨæ

gezi

individually

ʨo

zai

to be at a place, to exist

ʨo

cong, da

from

ʨo nuo

nar?

where?

ʨʰoŋ

yangmao

wool

ʥoqo

tizi

hoof

ʥoqo

jiao

foot

ʥoqo beχtʂe

xianggangjiao

to have athlete foot

ʥoqo dɑχʨue

bazijiao

splayfooted

ʥoqo dʐipɑ

shoujiao

limb

ʥoqo jeʐu̥

jiaozhifeng

space between toes

ʥoqo tsʰuɑti

duojiao

to stamp the feet

ʥoqo χqɑ

xi jiao

to wash the feet

ʥoqo χqɑm

jiaofu

porter

ʥoqo xsete

duosuotui

to jiggle the feet

ʥoqo ʥesu

jiaozhitou

toes

ʥoqo.qəʐ

jiaojian

point of the foot

ʥoqo.ʁdʐəs

jiaozhijia

toenail

ʨou mæzpi

ji buchile

setence with unmodified definite subject (eg. this chicken does not eat any more)

ʨou tʂu

xiaoniaor

chicken

ʨouʨy

gongji

cook

ʥpɑ qəiluq kʰuȵi

shouxin shoubei

to divide into teams by putting out the palm or the back of the hand

ʨʰu

mianyang

sheep

ʥue

mo

to grind, sharpen

ʥue

mo

sharpen

ʥue

mo, jiu

mortar

ʥue

mo, yan

mash, chafe, rub, file

ʨʰue

zhong, zai

to plant

ʨueq

yingzi

shadow

ʥueʁl

shimo

mill

ʨuex

liang, mingliang

bright, light

ʨuex

jian

sword

ʥup ɦɑtsʰuɑ

dasui, nongsui, posui

crush, shatter to pieces

ʥup kut

duosui, ke

carve, chop,hash

ʨuq

guang

light

ʨuq

tianwen, tianqi, guang

sky, weather, light

ʥy

fen

powder

ʥy

mianfen

wheat flour

ʨy

gong

male

ȵy kəsti

danshenhan

bachelor

ȵy nəm

zikua

boast of, be proud of

ʨʰy ʨʰue

qiang

to rob

ʨyqɑ

jide

to remember

ʨyqɑ

jinian

to commemorate

ʨyqɑ

jihao

sign

ʨyqɑ tʰɑs

jinianri

anniversary, memorial day

ʨyqɑs

biaozhi, biezhi

(things) cute

ʨʰyʨʰue

qiangduo

deprive, rob

ȵyȵy

mao

cat

ȵyȵy ze

mao jiao

to mew